Masakuni Hashimoto - Hashimoto Gaho

Japanese: 橋本雅邦 - はしもと・がほう

Year of death: January 13, 1908 (Meiji 41)
Year of birth: July 27, 1835 (August 21, 1835)
A Japanese painter of the Meiji period. Born in the residence of Kano Katsukawain in Kobikicho, Edo, as the son of Hashimoto Seien, an official painter of the Kawagoe domain. His childhood name was Sentaro, later Chokei. In 1846, he became a student of Kano Seikawain Yoshinobu, on the same day as his lifelong friend Kano Hogai. Yoshinobu passed away soon after, so he studied under Kano Katsukawain Masanobu, and together with Hogai, they were known as the two divine feet of the Katsukawa school. In 1854, he became head of the school, and in 1860, he became independent. After the Meiji Restoration, he worked at the Naval Academy from 1871 to 1864, producing works such as a map of Japan for exhibition at the Vienna World's Fair, and in the early Meiji period, he also produced oil paintings such as "Torpedo Hit" (Tokyo National Museum collection). He also participated in the Kangakai, which was organized by Ernest Fenollosa in 1864, and was active as one of the central artists of the new Japanese painting movement. Some of these Kangakai-related works are currently housed in the collections of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, the Philadelphia Museum of Art, and the Freer Art Museum. He was also employed at the Tokyo School of Fine Arts (Tokyo University of the Arts), which was founded by Fenollosa and Okakura Tenshin, in 1921, a teacher in 1922, and a professor in 1923, but resigned from the school when the Tokyo School of Fine Arts riots occurred in 1931. He became a senior member of the Japan Art Institute when it was founded, and continued to support Tenshin, who had retired from the profession. During this time, he became an Imperial Household Artist in 1923, and consistently won high prizes at exhibitions both in Japan and abroad. He established himself not only as an artist of the New School of Japanese painting, but also as a master of the art world. He trained many talented artists under his pupils, including Kawai Gyokudō, and demonstrated his excellent qualities as an educator, and also worked hard to protect ancient art, such as by serving as a member of the Society for the Preservation of Ancient Shrines and Temples. <References> Umezawa Waken, Hogai to Gaho

(Michinobu Sato)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

没年：明治41.1.13(1908)
生年：天保6.7.27(1835.8.21)
明治期の日本画家。江戸木挽町の狩野勝川院邸内に,川越藩御用絵師橋本晴園の子として生まれる。幼名千太郎のち長卿。弘化3(1846)年狩野晴川院養信に入門,生涯の友狩野芳崖とは同日の入門であった。まもなく養信が没したため狩野勝川院雅信に師事,芳崖と共に勝川門の二神足と称された。安政1(1854)年塾頭となったのち万延1(1860)年独立する。明治維新後,明治4(1871)年から19年まで海軍兵学寮に出仕,ウィーン万博出品の日本全国地図などを制作する一方,明治初年には「水雷命中」(東京国立博物館蔵)などの油絵も描いている。またフェノロサにより17年に組織された鑑画会に参加,新日本画創作運動の中心作家のひとりとして活躍した。こうした鑑画会関連作品のいくつかが,現在ボストン美術館やフィラデルフィア美術館,フリア美術館に収蔵されている。またフェノロサと岡倉天心によって設立された東京美術学校(東京芸大)では,21年雇,22年教諭,23年教授となったが,31年東京美術学校騒動に際して同校を辞職。日本美術院創立では主幹となり,以後,野に下った天心を支え続けた。この間,23年帝室技芸員となり,内外の博覧会で常に高賞を受賞。日本画新派の作家としてだけでなく,画壇の大家としての地位を築いている。門下に川合玉堂ら多くの俊秀を育成,教育者としても優れた資質を発揮したほか,古社寺保存会委員を務めるなど,古美術保護にも尽力した。<参考文献>梅沢和軒『芳崖と雅邦』

(佐藤道信)

出典　朝日日本歴史人物事典：（株）朝日新聞出版朝日日本歴史人物事典について　情報

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