A biennial plant of the Brassicaceae family, native to northern China, it is also widely cultivated in Japan and is one of the important vegetables in the Orient, used in stews and pickles. Taxonomically, it is considered a variety of rape, producing soft, juicy yellow-green leaves and flower stalks that grow in spring. The flowers are cross-shaped like rape flowers, but are pale yellow. It was introduced to Japan at the end of the Meiji period, and active breeding was carried out from the Showa period onwards. Some varieties are semi-heading and others are head-forming, and Santou Hakusai (Shandong Chinese cabbage), which does not form heads at all, is also considered to be a different variety of the same species. Seeds are usually sown in August and harvested in November and December. It grows well in the Kanto and Tohoku regions. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
アブラナ科の越年草で,中国北部の原産であるが,日本でも広く栽培され,煮物や漬物など東洋における重要な野菜の一つである。分類学上はアブラナの1変種とされ,黄緑色の軟らかい多汁質の葉を生じ,春にとう (花茎) が立つ。花はアブラナに似た十字花であるが,淡黄色である。日本には明治末期に渡来し,昭和になってから品種改良が盛んに行われた。品種により半結球性と結球性があり,また,まったく結球しないサントウハクサイ (山東白菜)なども同一種内の別変種と考えられている。普通8月に種子をまき,11~12月に収穫する。関東,東北によくできる。
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