With the exception of breadfruit and pumpkins, which are used for their fruits, human staple food sources can be broadly divided into cereals, which use the seed storage material, and tubers, which use underground storage organs. Before the start of agriculture, wild tubers were an important food source for humans. Of the plants used by humans for food, there are over 1,000 species that use underground storage organs, but the majority of these are wild species that are collected and used, such as kudzu, bracken, and Chinese yam in Japan. Furthermore, in order to be edible, many of these must be crushed and washed to extract starch, or soaked in water to remove poisons. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
人類のデンプン質主食源は,果実を利用するパンノキやカボチャ類を例外とすると,種子の貯蔵物質を利用する穀類と地下貯蔵器官を利用するいも類に大別される。そして農耕開始以前には,野生いも類は人類にとって重要な食料源であった。人類が食用として利用している植物のうち,地下貯蔵器官を利用しているのは1000種以上にのぼるが,その大部分は日本でのクズ,ワラビ,ヤマノイモのように野生種を採集利用しているもので,また,それらの多くは食用とするためにはつき砕き水洗してデンプンを集めたり,水さらしをして毒抜きをしなければならない。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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