Germ rice - Haigamai

Japanese: 胚芽米 - はいがまい
Germ rice - Haigamai

This is rice that has been polished to leave as much of the germ as possible and remove as much of the husk as possible. It was highly recommended until the early 1950s because it contains a lot more vitamin B1 than white rice, but it does not taste good and the demand for it has decreased with the appearance of fortified rice. In recent years, however, "germ polished rice" has been developed, which is polished to a germ retention rate of 80% or more (polishing degree of 91-93%), and has been rationed rice since 1977 (Showa 52). This rice has a high vitamin B1 content of 0.3 milligrams per 100 grams, and if cooked twice in a normal rice cooker without rinsing, it becomes delicious, so it is being reconsidered. In other words, since "germ polished rice" is unsoiled rice, it is not rinsed, so about 20% more water is added to absorb the water when rinsing (1.4 per cup, or 1.5 for a small amount). Also, since brown rice requires more heat than white rice, you should make sure the lid of the rice cooker is tightly closed, and once the rice is cooked and the electric rice cooker is switched off, turn it back on and cook for a longer period, which is known as double cooking. If you pay attention to these things, you will end up with tasty rice that is less likely to fall apart even when it cools down. In addition to vitamin B1 , brown rice also contains vitamins B2 , B6 , E, essential amino acids, and calcium.

[Fuwa Eiji]

[Reference item] | White rice

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

胚芽をできるだけ残し、外皮はできるだけ除くように精白した米。ビタミンB1含量が白米よりかなり多いので昭和20年代の初めまではかなり推奨されたが、食味がよくなく、また強化米の出現で需要は少なくなった。しかし近年、胚芽保有率80%以上(精白度91~93%)に精白した「はいが精米」が開発され、1977年(昭和52)より配給米となった。これは100グラム当りビタミンB1含量が0.3ミリグラムと高く、水洗せずに普通の炊飯器で二度炊きすれば、おいしい飯となるので、ふたたび見直されている。すなわち「はいが精米」は不淘米(ふとうまい)であるので、水洗しないから、水洗のとき吸水する分として2割程度多く水を加える(1カップに対し1.4、また少量のときには1.5)。また炊飯時、白米より熱を多く必要とするから、炊飯器の蓋(ふた)が十分締まっているよう注意し、一度炊き上がって電気釜(がま)のスイッチが切れてから、もう一度スイッチを入れて加熱を長くする、いわゆる二度炊きを行う。このようなことに注意すればおいしい飯ができあがり、冷飯となってもぼろぼろすることが少ない。なお胚芽米には、ビタミンB1のほか、B2・B6・E、必須(ひっす)アミノ酸、カルシウムなどが含まれている。

[不破英次]

[参照項目] | 白米

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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