Farmers Association (English: Farmers Association)

Japanese: 農民協会 - のうみんきょうかい（英語表記）nóng mín xié huì

A Chinese farmers' association, also known as an agricultural cooperative or agricultural association. The first Yaqian Farmers' Association was established in Xiaoshan County, Zhejiang Province in September 1921, but it developed widely in the Haifeng and Lufeng regions of Guangdong Province, where the Laoshan Farmers' Association was organized in September 1922 by Peng Pai, a prominent peasant movement leader, and the Haifeng County General Farmers' Association was established in January the following year, with membership reaching 100,000, a quarter of the county's population. In early 1923, a peasant movement also broke out in the Yuebei and Baiguo areas of Hengyang County, Hunan Province, under the leadership of Mao Zedong, and the Yuebei Farmers' Association was established in September of the same year. Later, the Kuomintang Central Farmers' Department, under the Kuomintang-Communist cooperation, promulgated the Peasant Association Regulations in June 1924, and opened peasant movement training centers in Guangzhou and then Wuhan. Under the guidance of Peng Pai and Mao Zedong, they trained rural cadres and organized peasant associations and peasant self-defense forces in various regions.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

中国の農民組合をいい，農協，農会とも略称する。1921年9月浙江省蕭山県にできた衙前農民協会が最初とされるが，広範に発展するのは広東省海豊･陸豊地方で，優れた農民運動指導者の彭湃により22年9月労山農会が組織され，翌年1月には海豊県総農会が成立，会員は県人口の4分の1を占める10万に達した。湖南省衡陽県の岳北･白果一帯でも23年初頭に毛沢東の指導で農民運動が起こり，同年9月岳北農工会ができている。その後国共合作下の国民党中央農民部は24年6月〈農民協会章程(規約)〉を公布，農民運動講習所を広州ついで武漢に開設，彭湃，毛沢東らの指導で農村幹部を養成し，各地に農民協会と農民自衛軍を組織した。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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