Nuer people - Nuer (English spelling)

Japanese: ヌエル族 - ヌエルぞく（英語表記）Nuer

A Nilo-speaking ethnic group living along the Nile River in northern South Sudan. They are also called the Nuer. They have an estimated population of about 1.5 million. Their livelihood is centered on cattle raising, and their economy is mixed with agriculture, fishing, hunting, and gathering, but cattle are the center of their value. In the rainy season, they divide into lineages scattered on the hillocks along the river and engage in livestock raising and agriculture, and in the dry season, they move to pastures in search of water, driving their cattle. The lineages are organized into many autonomous groups, which become the largest local communities and political organizations. Each group has a highly segmented representative clan that becomes the center of political integration. Retaliation struggles are observed between groups and between segmented groups. They practice polygamy, but marriage between women in which one of them plays the role of social father to the children is also permitted. They worship a supreme god, and prophets play a prominent role in times of crisis, and their power was greatly involved in the fierce resistance struggle against the occupation by the British colonial forces. Edward Evan Evans-Pritchard's The Nuer (1940) had a profound influence on anthropological research.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

南スーダン北部のナイル川沿岸に居住するナイル語系の民族。ヌアー族ともいう。人口約 150万と推定される。生業は牧牛を中心とし，農耕，漁労，狩猟，採集を伴う混合経済であるが，ウシが諸価値の中心となっている。雨季には川辺の小丘群上に散在するリニージに分かれて牧畜と農耕を営み，乾季には水を求めて牧草地へウシを追いながら移動する。リニージ群は多数の自律的な集団にまとまり，その自律集団が最大の地域社会，政治組織となる。各集団には高度に分節した代表氏族が存在し，政治的統合の中心となる。集団間および分節集団間に報復闘争がみられる。一夫多妻制をとるが，一方が子供の社会的父親の役割を果たすような女性間の結婚も認められている。至高神の崇拝があり，危機における予言者の役割も著しく，イギリス植民地軍の占領に対する激烈な抵抗闘争にはその力が大いにあずかっていた。エドワード・エバン・エバンズ＝プリチャードの『ヌアー族』（1940）は，人類学研究に多大の影響を与えた。

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