Reinhold Niebuhr

Japanese: ニーバー - にーばー(英語表記)Reinhold Niebuhr
Reinhold Niebuhr

A representative American theologian of the 20th century. He studied at Yale University. He preached as a pastor for 13 years in the automobile manufacturing city of Detroit before the Great Depression, addressing the problems of capitalist society and advocating Christian socialism. From 1929 to 1930, he taught as a professor of Christian social ethics at Union Theological Seminary in New York. He also debated American political, economic, and social issues such as the New Deal, as well as international issues such as Nazism, Communism, and World War II in the Social Christian Union's journal Christianity and Society and the biweekly Christianity and Crisis, exerting a great influence on intellectuals. His Christian realism, which offers deep insight into the biblical view of humanity and history, as well as contemporary considerations and applications, has had a significant impact not only on the postwar American church, but also on the nation's foreign policy, especially policies toward communist countries. He is known for his theory of democracy as a political philosopher and his eschatological view of history as a historical theologian.

[Yasuo Furuya October 20, 2015]

"Moral Man and Immoral Society" by Niebuhr, translated by Oki Hideo (1974/1998/Reprinted in 2014, Hakusuisha)""Irony in American History" by Niebuhr, translated by Oki Hideo and Fukai Tomoaki (2002, Seigakuin University Press)""Religious Perspectives Supporting Social Work: Its Significance and Challenges" by Niebuhr, translated by Takahashi Yoshifumi and Nishikawa Yoshiko (2010, Seigakuin University Press)"

[References] | Christian Socialism

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

20世紀アメリカの代表的神学者。エール大学に学ぶ。大恐慌前の自動車産業都市デトロイトで、13年間牧師として説教しつつ資本主義社会の諸問題と取り組み、キリスト教社会主義を提唱した。1929年から約30年間ニューヨークのユニオン神学大学でキリスト教社会倫理学教授として教えるかたわら、ニューディールなどのアメリカの政治、経済、社会問題からナチズムや共産主義、そして第二次世界大戦などの国際問題について、社会キリスト者同盟機関誌『キリスト教と社会』や隔週誌『キリスト教と危機』などで論陣を張り、知識層に大きな感化を及ぼした。聖書的な人間観や歴史観の深い洞察、その現代的考察と応用を提示する彼のキリスト教的現実主義は、戦後のアメリカ教会のみならず、国家の対外政策、ことに対共産主義国政策にも少なからぬ影響を与えている。政治哲学者としての民主主義論と歴史神学者としての終末論的歴史観が有名。

[古屋安雄 2015年10月20日]

『ニーバー著、大木英夫訳『道徳的人間と非道徳的社会』(1974/1998/新装復刊・2014・白水社)』『ニーバー著、大木英夫・深井智朗訳『アメリカ史のアイロニー』(2002・聖学院大学出版会)』『ニーバー著、高橋義文・西川淑子訳『ソーシャルワークを支える宗教の視点――その意義と課題』(2010・聖学院大学出版会)』

[参照項目] | キリスト教社会主義

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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