A general term for sugars obtained by hydrolyzing starch with acid or enzymes. These include glucose, maltose, starch syrup, powdered syrup, and isomerized sugar. Starch sugar is an important sweetener in Japan and is widely used in processed foods and soft drinks. Corn starch, potato starch, and sweet potato starch are the main raw materials for starch sugar. In the past, oxalic acid, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid were used for hydrolysis, but since the 1960s, enzymes that are easier to control the reaction (such as α-amylase, β-amylase, glucoamylase, and glucose isomerase) have come to be used more often. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
デンプンを酸あるいは酵素を用いて加水分解して得られる糖類の総称。このなかにはブドウ糖,麦芽糖,水あめ,粉あめ,異性化糖などが含まれる。デンプン糖は,日本においては重要な甘味料であり,加工食品,清涼飲料などに広く使われている。デンプン糖の原料としては,コーンスターチ,バレイショ(馬鈴薯)デンプン,カンショ(甘藷)デンプンがおもに使われる。加水分解には以前は,シュウ酸,塩酸,硫酸などが用いられていたが,1960年代以降は,反応の制御がより容易な酵素(例えばα‐アミラーゼ,β‐アミラーゼ,グルコアミラーゼ,グルコースイソメラーゼなど)が多く用いられるようになってきた。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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