Nishi Genpo

Japanese: 西玄甫 - にし・げんぽ

Year of death: 17 September 1684 (25 October 1684)
Year of birth: unknown. A Nanban and Dutch interpreter and doctor of Western medicine in the early Edo period. Son of the first Nishi Yoshibei. Second generation of the Nishi family. Born in Nagasaki. Originally named Shinkichi, he changed his name to Yoshibei in 1653. He succeeded his father as chief interpreter, retiring in 1669. He left Nanban surgery to study under the field priest Ferreira (Sawano Chuan), then studied red-haired surgery under a doctor at the Dutch trading post in Dejima, and obtained a medical certificate in 1669. Nishi-ryu surgery, combining both Nanban and red-haired schools, was established here. In 1673, he was ordered to leave Edo, and served as a sankin-tsutsu inspector and surgeon for the shogunate's religious reform, was bestowed with a mansion in Nishikubo, Edo, and changed his name to Genpo. Together with Mukai Motomasu, he presented "Kenkonbensetsu," a translation and annotation of Chuan's astronomical texts. He co-authored "Souvenirs from All Provinces" with Tang dynasty interpreter Akikawa Tozaemon.

(Atsuko Yoshida)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

没年：貞享1.9.17(1684.10.25)
生年：生年不詳
江戸前期の南蛮・阿蘭陀通詞,蘭方医。初代西吉兵衛の子。西家2代目。長崎の生まれ。初名は新吉,承応2(1653)年吉兵衛と改名。父の跡職を継ぎ大通詞となり,寛文9(1669)年退職。南蛮外科を転びバテレンのフェレイラ(沢野忠庵)に学び,次いで紅毛外科を出島のオランダ商館医に修学,同8年医学証明書を取得。ここに南蛮・紅毛両流の西流外科が確立。延宝1(1673)年出府を命ぜられ,幕府の宗門改めの参勤通詞目付と外科医官を兼ね,江戸西久保に屋敷を拝領,玄甫と改名。向井元升と共に忠庵の天文書を翻訳・註釈した『乾坤弁説』を呈上。唐通事穎川藤左衛門と共著『諸国土産書』がある。

(吉田厚子)

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