French novelist and philosopher. One of the leading intellectuals of the interwar period. He became friends with Sartre while studying at the École Normale Supérieure. He joined the French Communist Party (1927) and, together with Aragon, became a central figure in the anti-fascist cultural movement of the 1930s as a party member and literary scholar. However, he left the party, disapproving of the French Communist Party's attitude toward the German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact (1939). Shortly after, both Britain and France declared war on Germany, and Nizan was mobilized and killed in action the following year in 1940. After World War II, he was unjustly denounced and slandered by the Communist Party as a traitor, but the efforts of Sartre and others to restore his reputation paid off, and from the late 1950s to the 1960s, his books were read by the younger generation and had a great influence. Particularly important works include "Aden Arabia" (1931), a book of beautiful resolve, and "Les Hounds" (1932), a scathing insult to the government philosophers, as well as novels such as "The Conspiracy" (1938) and "Antoine Bloyer" (1933), which was modeled on his own father. [Michihiko Suzuki, May 19, 2015] "The Collected Works of Paul Nizan, translated by Takeshi Ebisaka et al., Volume 9, Supplementary Volume 2 (1966-1975, Shobunsha)" [References] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
フランスの小説家、哲学者。両大戦間の代表的知識人の一人。高等師範学校(エコール・ノルマル・シュペリュール)在学中にサルトルと親交を結ぶ。フランス共産党に入党し(1927)、アラゴンとともに党員文学者として、1930年代の反ファシズム文化運動の中心的存在となった。しかし、独ソ不可侵条約(1939)に対するフランス共産党の態度を非として脱党。その直後にイギリス・フランス両国はドイツに宣戦を布告し、ニザンは動員されて翌1940年に戦死した。第二次世界大戦後、共産党から裏切り者としていわれのない非難中傷を浴びせられたが、名誉回復に努めたサルトルらの努力が実って、1950年代末から1960年代にかけ、彼の著書は若い世代に争って読まれ、大きな影響を与えた。とくに、美しい決意の書である『アデン・アラビア』(1931)や、御用哲学者たちを痛烈に罵倒(ばとう)した『番犬たち』(1932)のほか、小説では『陰謀』(1938)、自分の父親をモデルにした『アントアーヌ・ブロワイエ』(1933)などが重要である。 [鈴木道彦 2015年5月19日] 『海老坂武他訳『ポール・ニザン著作集』9巻別巻2(1966〜1975・晶文社)』 [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
<<: Sulfur dioxide - Sulfur dioxide
(1) The monovalent group H 2 NCONH- obtained by re...
Magna Carta is a set of 63 articles of law issued ...
…In Germany, the limes were strengthened, and the...
Born: December 10, 1903, Nihonbashi, Tokyo [Died] ...
A region in northeastern Italy. It is one of the s...
Jewelry such as rings, chains, and bands worn on ...
...steel used for functional parts of machines th...
…However, Mozi wrote “Fair” and took a negative a...
One of the emperor's concubines. In China, th...
The first artificial satellite, GEOS-3, launched b...
The part of Antarctica that faces the Indian Ocean...
…Leader of the Menshevik faction of the Russian S...
…The flagellar chambers are formed by the collar ...
…It is also called Sangam literature. It is a col...
The various states of a substance that have the sa...