A river port city in the northeastern tip of Estonia. It is located about 200 km east of the capital Tallinn, and about 15 km upstream from where the Narva River flows into the Gulf of Finland. The city originated as an immigrant village built under the protection of a Danish fort in the 13th century. In 1346, King Valdemar IV of Denmark sold the city to the Teutonic Knights. In 1558, it was occupied by Russia, and in 1581 it became part of Sweden, but in 1704 it was again part of Russia during the Northern War. In 1918, it became part of Estonia's independence, and from 1940 to 1991 it was part of the Soviet Union. It is a textile city, and the Krengorim cotton textile complex is well known. Other industries include furniture and construction materials. In Soljina in the west, there is a Baltic thermal power plant that uses oil shale as fuel. There is a history and local museum. A railway and highway run through the city connecting St. Petersburg in Russia and Tallinn. Population: 83,000 (1991 estimate). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
エストニア北東端の河港都市。首都タリンの東約 200km,ナルバ川がフィンランド湾に流入する地点より約 15km上流に位置する。 13世紀にデンマーク人の砦の保護下に建設された移民村が,市の起源。 1346年にデンマーク王バルデマール4世は市をドイツ騎士団に売渡した。 1558年にはロシアが占領し,81年にスウェーデン領となったが,1704年に北方戦争によって再びロシア領となった。 1918年エストニアの独立によってその都市となり,40~91年ソ連領。繊維工業都市で,クレンゴリム綿織物コンビナートが著名。ほかに家具,建設資材などの工業がある。西方ソルジナにはオイルシェール (油母頁岩) を燃料とするバルト火力発電所がある。歴史・郷土博物館がある。ロシアのサンクトペテルブルグとタリンを結ぶ鉄道,ハイウェーが通る。人口8万 3000 (1991推計) 。
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