Tadachika Nakayama

A nobleman from the end of the Heian period to the beginning of the Kamakura period. Fujiwara family name. Also called Nakayama Naidaijin. The second son of Gon Chunagon Tadamune, his mother was the daughter of Fujiwara Ieyasu. After serving as Kurodo no to, he became a councilor at the age of 34, and was promoted to Naidaijin at the age of 61, the highest rank. Since his wife was the daughter of Taira Tokitada, he was close to the Taira clan during the heyday of the Taira clan, serving as Chugu Gon Daibu (Gundaibu) of the empress Taira Tokuko and Togu Daibu (Togudaibu) when Emperor Antoku was still crown prince. He was also knowledgeable about court ceremonies, historical precedents, and legal systems, and even in the era of the Genji clan, he was well-liked by Minamoto no Yoritomo and was selected as a Gisou no kugyo. His diary, Sankaiki, is an indispensable document for understanding the turbulent history from the end of the Heian period to the beginning of the Kamakura period. He also wrote the correspondence book Kirei Mondo. He is also considered to be the author of Imakagami and Mizukagami, but there is no proof. He was skilled in calligraphy, and his handwriting is known from Jingoji's 45 Articles of Oath (currently owned by Jingoji Temple), which he wrote at the age of 55 at the request of Mongaku.

[Oboroya Hisashi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

平安末・鎌倉初期の公卿(くぎょう)。藤原姓。中山内大臣とも称す。権中納言忠宗(ごんちゅうなごんただむね)の二男で母は藤原家保(いえやす)の女(むすめ)。蔵人頭(くろうどのとう)を経て34歳で参議となり、昇進して61歳で内大臣に至り極官となった。妻が平時忠(ときただ)の女という関係から平氏の全盛期には、中宮平徳子(とくこ)の中宮権大夫(ちゅうぐうごんだいぶ)や安徳(あんとく)天皇の皇太子時代に春宮大夫(とうぐうだいぶ)を兼ねるなど平氏と近かった。彼は朝儀や故実(こじつ)法制にも明るかったこともあって、源氏の世になっても源頼朝(よりとも)の覚えもよく議奏(ぎそう)公卿に選ばれた。彼の日記『山槐記(さんかいき)』は平安末から鎌倉初期にかけての激動の歴史を知るうえでは欠かせない重要な文献である。ほかに往来物の『貴嶺(きれい)問答』がある。『今鏡(いまかがみ)』『水鏡(みずかがみ)』の著者にも比定されているが確証はない。書に優れ、その筆跡は、文覚(もんがく)に依頼されて55歳のとき書いた『神護寺(じんごじ)四十五箇条起請文(きしょうもん)』（現神護寺蔵）によって知られる。

［朧谷　寿］

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