Born January 31, 1735 in Caen, Normandy [Died] November 12, 1813. American author born in Sarcelles, near Paris. He emigrated to America via Canada in 1759, and in 1765 he settled on a farm in New York State, but when the Revolutionary War broke out he returned to Europe for a time and published Letters from an American Farmer (1782) in London under the pen name J. Hector St. John. The book sheds vivid light on the characteristics of Americans, eliciting a great response and being regarded as a pioneering work on American culture. In 1783 he returned to America as French consul and lived in New York, but his health deteriorated and he returned to France. After a third visit to America, he returned to Europe and died there. His other works include Le Voyage dans la Haute Pennsylvania et dans l'État de New York (1801) and Sketches of Eighteenth Century America, or More Letters from an American Farmer (published in 1925), a collection of unpublished manuscripts discovered in France. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
[生]1735.1.31. ノルマンディー,カン [没]1813.11.12. パリ近郊サルセル フランス生れのアメリカの著述家。 1759年カナダを経てアメリカへ移住し,65年ニューヨーク州に農場を得て落ち着いたが,独立戦争が起ると一時ヨーロッパに帰り,ロンドンで『アメリカの農夫からの手紙』 Letters from an American Farmer (1782) を J. Hector St. Johnの筆名で出版。アメリカ人の特質に鮮かな照明をあてて大きな反響を呼び,先駆的なアメリカ文化論として重視される。 83年にフランス領事として再び渡米,ニューヨークに住んだが,健康を害してフランスに戻り,3度目の渡米を果したのちヨーロッパに帰って生涯を閉じた。ほかに『高地ペンシルバニアとニューヨーク州の旅』 Le Voyage dans la Haute Pennsylvanie et dans l'État de New York (1801) があり,『18世紀アメリカ素描-続アメリカの農夫からの手紙』 Sketches of Eighteenth Century America,or More Letters from an American Farmer (1925刊) はフランスで発見された未発表原稿をまとめたもの。 出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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