Chicken combination - Chicken combination

Japanese: 鶏合 - にわとりあわせ

Cockfighting is a game in which roosters are paired and made to fight. Cockfighting has existed in China since the Zhou dynasty, and according to legend, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was fond of cockfighting because he was born in the year of the Rooster, and since he ascended to the throne soon after participating in a cockfight, he built a cockfighting palace and had cocks fight. In Japan, there is an article about cockfighting in the Emperor Yuryaku chapter of the Nihon Shoki, so it is known that cockfighting was already practiced before the Nara period with the introduction of Chinese culture, but it was not until the Heian period that it became popular as a game, and developed as a type of monoawase. While most other monoawase games required special training, such as adding waka poetry to objects, toriawase, which simply involved making cocks fight and watching them, was widely enjoyed by samurai and commoners alike.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

雄鶏をつがえて闘わせる遊戯。闘鶏。中国では古く周代からあり，所伝では唐の玄宗が乙酉の年の生れゆえに闘鶏を好み，また闘鶏を行ってのち間もなく位についたため，治鶏坊を建て鶏を闘わせたという。日本では，《日本書紀》雄略天皇紀に雄鶏を闘わせた記事が見えるから，中国文化の伝来とともにすでに奈良時代以前から行われていたことが知られるが，遊戯として流行をみたのは平安時代以降であり，物合の一種として発達をみた。他の物合の多くは，物品に和歌を添えるという特殊な素養を要したのに対して，単に鶏を闘わせてこれを観覧する鶏合は，武士や庶民階級にも広く親しまれた。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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