Coast Koryak - Kaigan Koryak

Japanese: 海岸コリヤーク - かいがんこりやーく

…They speak the Koryak language, and most of them make up what is now the Koryak Autonomous Okrug. By the mid-17th century, when Russians arrived, there was already a distinction between reindeer Koryaks and coastal Koryaks (sedentary Koryaks). The former, who called themselves Chavchyv, lived inland and specialized in reindeer herding.

From [Housing]

…
[Pit dwellings of marine mammal hunters]
Along the coasts of the Arctic Ocean, the Sea of Okhotsk, and the North Pacific Ocean, an advanced maritime culture based on hunting marine mammals has developed since ancient times. In particular, the indigenous peoples known as the Eskimos, Coast Chukchi, and Coast Koryaks met all of their needs for food, clothing, and shelter by hunting marine mammals such as walruses, seals, and whales, and by fishing in rivers. In ancient times, pit dwellings were common, and those of the Coast Koryaks in particular had roofs that resembled inverted funnels made of wood or logs.

*Some of the terminology used to refer to "Coast Koryak" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…コリヤーク語を話し，その大部分が現在コリヤーク自治管区を構成する。ロシア人が入植した17世紀半ばには，すでに生業の上でトナカイ･コリヤークと海岸コリヤーク(定住コリヤーク)の別があった。前者はチャフチフChavchyvと自称し，内陸部でトナカイ牧畜を専業とする。…

【住居】より

…
［海獣狩猟民の竪穴住居］
　北極海，オホーツク海，北太平洋の沿岸には古代から海獣狩猟を基本とする高度な海洋文化が発達した。とくにエスキモーや〈海岸チュクチ〉〈海岸コリヤーク〉と呼ばれる原住民はセイウチ，アザラシ，クジラなどの海獣狩猟や河川での漁労によって衣食住のすべてを充足した。古くは竪穴住居が一般的で，とくに海岸コリヤークのそれは木や丸太で組んだ漏斗を伏せたような構造の屋根をもっていた。…

※「海岸コリヤーク」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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