Toyotomi clan

This is a modern surname that began with Toyotomi Hideyoshi. Hideyoshi was born in Nakamura, Aichi County, Owari Province, and was of the Kinoshita clan, but when he served as a vassal of Oda Nobunaga, he changed his surname to Hashiba in 1573 (Tensho 1). After Nobunaga's death, he took the surname Taira, and when he became the regent in 1585, he was adopted by Konoe Sakihisa and took the surname Fujiwara, and when he became the grand minister of state the following year, he received the surname Toyotomi from the imperial court. After that, in addition to his own family, Hideyoshi also granted the surnames Hashiba and Toyotomi to various daimyo. When his eldest son, Tsurumatsu, died in 1591, Hideyoshi appointed his nephew, Toyotomi Hidetsugu, as his successor, but in 1593 (Bunroku 2), his second son, Toyotomi Hideyori, was born, and in 1595, Hidetsugu was exiled to Mount Koya and forced to commit suicide. However, when Hideyoshi died in 1598 (Keicho 3) and Tokugawa Ieyasu took power, Hideyori was defeated in the Summer Siege of Osaka in 1615 (Genwa 1), and the Toyotomi clan was destroyed.

[Naohiro Asao]

"Nene and the Kinoshita Family Documents" (1982), edited and published by Sanyo Shimbunsha

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

豊臣秀吉(とよとみひでよし)に始まる近世の姓氏。秀吉は尾張国愛知郡中村に生れ木下氏であったが、織田信長の家臣として出頭し、1573年（天正元）羽柴氏(はしばし)と改めた。信長死後、平姓を称し、1585年関白につくに際し近衛前久(このえさきひさ)の養子となって藤原姓を称し、翌年太政大臣(だいじょうだいじん)就任に及んで朝廷から豊臣の姓を受けた。以後、一族のほか、秀吉は諸大名にも羽柴氏や豊臣姓を授けた。1591年長男鶴松が死ぬと、秀吉は甥豊臣秀次を後継者としたが、1593年（文禄2）次男豊臣秀頼が誕生、1595年秀次は高野山(こうやさん)に追放、自殺させられた。しかし、1598年（慶長3）秀吉が死去し徳川家康が政権を握ると、1615年（元和元）大坂夏の陣に秀頼は敗れ、豊臣氏は滅亡した。

［朝尾直弘］

『山陽新聞社編・刊『ねねと木下家文書』（1982）』

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