The city is the central city of the Bulgarian South Dobruzian Plain in northeastern Bulgaria. It is the capital of the Dobrich County. It is located about 40 km north of Varna. In 1949, it was renamed Tolbukhin after the death of Soviet Marshal FI Tolbuhin (1894-1949), but in 1990, as the socialist system collapsed, the old name Dobrich was restored. Population: 100,000 (2001). In the 15th century, a settlement was formed under the name of Hadjioğlu Pazardjik, and it flourished as a city on the trade route connecting southern Russia and the Balkans. In the 17th century, it became a base for the Ottoman Turkish army's expeditions to Ukraine and Poland, and from the 18th century onwards, it became a base for defense against Russia. Since the 18th century, it has been occupied by Russia many times, and each time there was an exchange of residents, with the residents moving to Bessarabia and other places, and then Bulgarians from the mountainous areas settled there. It became part of Bulgaria after independence in 1878, but from 1913 to 1940 it became part of Romania and was called Bazargic. The area is a rich grain-producing region, and the food industry, agricultural machinery industry, and other industries are well developed. There is a history museum and a theater in the city. [Kenji Terashima] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ブルガリア北東部、ブルガリア領の南ドブルジア平原の中心都市。ドブリッチ県の県都。バルナの北約40キロメートルに位置する。1949年にソ連軍元帥トルブヒンF. I. Tolbuhin(1894―1949)の死にちなんでトルブヒンと改名されたが、社会主義体制崩壊が進む1990年に旧市名のドブリッチを復活させた。人口10万(2001)。15世紀にハジオウル・パザルジークの名前で集落が形成され、南ロシアとバルカンを結ぶ交易路の都市として栄えた。17世紀にはオスマン・トルコ軍のウクライナやポーランドへの遠征の拠点となり、18世紀以降はロシアに対する防衛の拠点となった。18世紀以来しばしばロシアに占領され、そのたびごとに住民交換が行われて住民はベッサラビアなどに移住し、その後に山間部からブルガリア人が入植した。1878年の独立でブルガリア領に入るが、1913年から40年まではルーマニア領となり、バザルジクBazargicとよばれた。一帯は豊かな穀倉地帯で、食品産業、農業機械などの産業が発達している。市内には歴史博物館と劇場がある。 [寺島憲治] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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