Land division - Tochiwari (English spelling)

Japanese: 土地割り - とちわり(英語表記)land division
Land division - Tochiwari (English spelling)
A division of land made out of necessity for land ownership and use. Also called a land division. Includes land division for housing (house division), farmland division, road division, etc. There are two types of division: spontaneous (unplanned) and planned. Spontaneous land division is when land is divided without any specific plan for land use, and generally has an irregular shape according to the location. For example, it has various characteristics according to the topography such as river flow and slope, land use, etc. On alluvial fan land and alluvial lowlands, it is characterized by rows of cultivated land lined up in the direction of the slope along the old river channel created by braided flow or meandering flow, and in flat alluvial lowlands, the shape of rice paddies is often scalene polygonal (especially tortoise shell shaped).

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:
土地の所有,利用の必要から行われる土地の区画。地割りともいう。宅地割り(屋敷割り),耕地割り,道路割りなどを含む。その成立において自然発生的(非計画的)のものと計画的のものとがある。自然発生的土地割りは,土地を利用していくに際して特別の計画なしに土地が区画されたもので,一般にその場所に応じた不規則な形態を示す。たとえば,河流や傾斜などの地形,土地利用などに応じて種々の特徴をもつ。扇状地面上や沖積低地では,網状流や蛇行流により生じた旧河道に沿って傾斜方向に耕地の列が並んでいるのが特徴であり,平坦な沖積低地においては水田の形は不等辺多角形(とくに亀甲形)のものが見られる。

出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報

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