Road Transport Vehicle Law - Road Transport Vehicle Law

Japanese: 道路運送車両法 - どうろうんそうしゃりょうほう
Road Transport Vehicle Law - Road Transport Vehicle Law

The purpose of this law, Act No. 185 of 1951, is to certify ownership of automobiles, motorbikes, and light vehicles that operate on roads, ensure safety, prevent pollution, and improve maintenance technology, as well as to promote public welfare through the healthy development of the automobile maintenance business.

The main contents are as follows:

(1) Provisions for the registration of motor vehicles, including registration for the purpose of certification of ownership, motor vehicle registration plates (vehicle numbers), and permission for temporary operation.

(2) Technical standards for safety and pollution prevention regarding production and use to ensure safety and prevent pollution.

(3) Provisions for voluntary maintenance, such as regular inspections and maintenance to maintain compliance with safety standards and the appointment of a maintenance manager.

(4) Matters concerning the methods of vehicle inspections conducted by the state and the validity period of motor vehicle inspection certificates.

(5) Matters concerning the establishment, management, and operation of the Light Motor Vehicle Inspection Association, which carries out inspection work for light motor vehicles.

(6) Provisions concerning automobile maintenance businesses, such as the certification of automobile disassembly and maintenance businesses, which are closely related to ensuring the safety of automobile driving and preventing pollution, the recognition of excellent automobile maintenance businesses, and the designation of designated automobile maintenance businesses (private vehicle inspection centers).

The revised law enacted in 1995 simplified the vehicle inspection system, and since then, revisions have been made to promote recycling, strengthen the recall system, and prohibit illegal modifications, etc. The revised law promulgated in May 2019 and enacted in April 2020 made it mandatory to install automatic braking (collision mitigation braking) systems in new cars, in anticipation of the spread of self-driving cars.

[Kazuji Amano and Yasunori Doi, July 21, 2020]

[Reference item] | Vehicle inspection

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

道路上を運行する自動車、原動機付自転車、軽車両に関し、所有権についての公証を行い、安全性の確保および公害の防止ならびに整備についての技術の向上を図り、あわせて自動車の整備事業の健全な発達を通じて公共の福祉を増進することを目的とする法律。昭和26年法律第185号。

 おもな内容は次のとおりである。

(1)所有権の公証のための登録、自動車登録番号標(自動車ナンバー)、臨時運行の許可など自動車の登録の規定。

(2)安全性を確保し、公害を防止するための製作と使用に関する保安上および公害防止上の技術基準。

(3)保安基準に適合するように維持するための定期点検整備、整備管理者の選任など自主的整備の規定。

(4)国が行う車両検査の方法、自動車検査証の有効期間などに関する事項。

(5)軽自動車の検査業務を行う軽自動車検査協会の設置および管理、運営に関する事項。

(6)自動車の運行の安全性の確保および公害の防止と密接な関連をもつ自動車分解整備事業の認証、優良自動車整備事業者の認定、指定自動車整備事業(民間車検場)の指定など自動車の整備事業に関する規定。

 1995年(平成7)施行の改正法で車検制度の簡素化が行われ、その後、リサイクル促進、リコール制度の強化や不正改造の禁止等に関する改正がされている。2019年(令和1)5月公布、2020年4月施行の法改正で、自動運転車の普及を想定し自動ブレーキ(衝突被害軽減ブレーキ)システムの新車搭載などが義務化された。

[天野和治・土居靖範 2020年7月21日]

[参照項目] | 車検

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

<<:  Road Transport Law

>>:  Lantern doll - Lantern doll

Recommend

Katsura Bunji

Rakugo performer. First generation (1774-1816) Fo...

Yokoze [town] - Yokoze

A town in Chichibu County in western Saitama Prefe...

Lebanon [Mountains] - Lebanon

A mountain range that runs north to south parallel...

Barquq (English spelling)

1336‐99 Founder of the Burji Mamluk dynasty. Of Ci...

amaurotic cat's eye

…It is also called sokohi. Currently, it is not u...

Inarticulata

… [Extant species] There are about 100 genera of ...

Browallia demissa (English spelling) Browallia demissa

… [Eiichi Asayama]. … *Some of the terminology th...

Container shipping - Container Yuso

The act of loading and transporting cargo in boxes...

Maritime Disaster Prevention Center

A general incorporated foundation established in ...

Calcium hydroxide - Suisankasuumu (English spelling) calcium hydroxide

A hydroxide of calcium. Also known as slaked lime...

Vivonne, C.de (English spelling) VivonneCde

... Its origins in France are said to be at the c...

Illusionism

This refers to the technique and expression of pla...

Reinwart, KGK (English spelling)

…It was introduced to Japan in the early Meiji pe...

Kallipygos

…Women's buttocks are full and plump, symboli...

Strawberry whitefly - strawberry whitefly

...Its natural enemies include the parasitic wasp...