Eight Great Writings of the Tang and Song Dynasties (English: Tang-song bajia-wen)

Japanese: 唐宋八家文 - とうそうはっかぶん（英語表記）Tang-song bajia-wen

A Chinese prose anthology, properly called "Readers of the Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties." Compiled by Shen Deqian of the Qing Dynasty. 30 volumes. Published in 1739 (the 4th year of the Qianlong era). A collection of eight prose writers from the Tang and Song Dynasties, including Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan, Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Che, Zeng Gong, and Wang Anshi. Collectively, these eight are called the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties." Attempts to compile anthologies using their writings as models for classical Japanese were made early on, starting with Mao Kun's "Textbook on the Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties" (164 volumes) from the Ming Dynasty. This work was compiled by further selecting these works and adding the main points, general meanings, and commentary from various scholars to each chapter to make it easier for beginners to understand. It was widely circulated as a textbook of classical Japanese, and became so common that the term "Eight Classical Texts of the Tang and Song Dynasties" simply referred to this work. It was introduced to Japan during the Edo period, and many reprints and commentaries were published, including one by Rai Sanyo, which added further commentary, and it became popular and is still in use today.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

中国の散文選集。正しくは『唐宋八家文読本』。清の沈徳潜 (しんとくせん) の編。 30巻。乾隆4 (1739) 年成立。唐，宋2代の散文作家，韓愈，柳宗元，欧陽修，蘇洵 (そじゅん) ，蘇軾 (そしょく) ，蘇轍 (そてつ) ，曾鞏 (そうきょう) ，王安石ら8人の散文を選び集めたもの。この8人を総称して「唐宋八大家」と呼び，彼らの文章を古文の模範として選集を編む試みは，明の茅坤 (ぼうこん) の『唐宋八大家文鈔』 (164巻) をはじめ早くから行われた。本書はそれらからさらに精選し，各編に主意，大意，諸家の評釈を付して初学者にも便利なように編集したもので，古文の教科書として広く流布し，単に「唐宋八家文」といえば本書をさすほど一般化した。日本にも江戸時代に伝わり，頼山陽がさらに評釈を加えるなど，多くの復刻本，注釈書が出されて流行し，現在でも用いられている。

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