1743‐1803 A leader of the Haitian independence movement. Known as a "Black Jacobin." Born a slave on the Breda plantation in Saint-Domingue, a French colony on the island of Hispaniola, he worked as a coachman, veterinarian, and steward, and had a knowledge of Latin, French, and mathematics. He dreamed of emancipating the slaves and achieving independence. When France entered the war with Spain in 1793, he joined the Spanish army that controlled the eastern part of the island (Santo Domingo), where he demonstrated his excellent military talent. However, in 1794, he broke with the Spanish army, surrendered to the French army, emancipated the slaves, and attempted to begin building peace on the island. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
1743‐1803 ハイチ独立運動の指導者。〈ブラック・ジャコバン〉と呼ばれる。イスパニオラ島のフランス植民地サン・ドマングのブレダ農園に生まれた奴隷であったが,御者,獣医,家令としてラテン語やフランス語,数学の知識をもち,奴隷解放と独立を夢見ていた。1793年フランスがスペインと戦争に入ると,彼は島の東部(サント・ドミンゴ)を支配するスペイン軍に参加し,優れた軍事的才能を発揮した。だが94年スペイン軍と手を切り,フランス軍に帰順して,奴隷を解放し,島の平和建設に着手しようとした。 出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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