A marine fish of the order Anserinidae and family Anserinidae in the class Osteichthyes. It is also called Togoro-iwashi. It is widely distributed in the Sea of Japan south of Niigata Prefecture, the Pacific Ocean south of Aomori Prefecture, the Western Pacific Ocean, and the Indian Ocean. Its scales are rough and hard, and stick closely to the body, so it is called Tongoro, Kawai-iwashi, or Kowai-iwashi depending on the region. It is closely related to the mullet, but is more slender and is a small fish with a total length of 16 cm. It has a wide silvery-white band (black after formalin fixation) running vertically along its side, a small first dorsal fin, its pectoral fins located behind the upper part of the gill slits, and no lateral line. Five species have been reported from Japan, but they can be distinguished from other species by the anus opening between the base and rear end of the pelvic fin. In Japan, they swim in schools in inland bays and coves from June to October. They feed mainly on zooplankton. They have almost no industrial value. The grunion Leuresthes tenuis , a member of the same family that lives off the coast of California in North America, is known for swarming on sandy beaches at night during high tides from spring to summer and laying eggs in the sand. These eggs develop in the sand for about 10 days, and then hatch and are carried out into the sea at the next high tide. [Akira Ochiai and Kunio Amano] © Tadaaki Ohkata "> The main species of the family Pectiniidae (specimen illustrations) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
硬骨魚綱トウゴロウイワシ目トウゴロウイワシ科の海水魚。トオゴロイワシともいう。新潟県以南の日本海、青森県以南の太平洋、西太平洋、インド洋に広く分布する。鱗(うろこ)が粗雑で硬く、体に密着して離れないことから、地方によりトンゴロ、カワイワシ、コワイワシなどとよばれる。ボラに近縁であるが、それより細長く、全長16センチメートルの小魚である。体側に1本の広い銀白色帯(ホルマリン固定後は黒色)が縦走し、第1背びれが小さく、胸びれが鰓孔(さいこう)上部の後方に位置し、側線がない。日本から5種が報告されているが、肛門が腹びれの基部と後端の間に開くことで他種と区別できる。日本では6~10月の間、内湾や入り江などに群れをなして泳ぐ。動物性プランクトンを主食とする。ほとんど産業利用価値がない。 北アメリカのカリフォルニア沿岸に生息する同じ科のグルニオンLeuresthes tenuisは、春から夏にかけて夜間高潮時に砂浜へ群遊し、砂の中に卵を産み付けるので有名である。この卵は10日前後砂の中で発育し、次の高潮のときに孵化(ふか)して海中へ運ばれる。 [落合 明・尼岡邦夫] ©大片忠明"> トウゴロウイワシ科のおもな種類〔標本画… 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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