Ichimegasa

A type of sewn hat. A sugegasa hat with a taut rim and a high protrusion called a koji at the top. It got its name from the fact that it was originally worn by women who went to the market to sell things. However, from the mid-Heian period onwards, it began to be worn by upper-class women when going out, and became part of the tsubo-shozoku (traffic costume) as travel attire. It was also worn by nobles when accompanying the Emperor on rainy days, and was also called tsubonegasa (official hat) or tsubomigasa (narrowed hat). The rim of the hat at that time was large and deep, covering the shoulders and back, but after the Kamakura period it became smaller and shallower, and in the Azuchi-Momoyama period, the tip became sharp and decorated, and in the Edo period, it became a hat painted with black lacquer, and eventually fell out of use.

[Mizuo Miyamoto]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

縫い笠の一種。縁(ふち)の張った形に縫い、頂部に巾子(こじ)という高い突起をつくった菅笠(すげがさ)。初め市に物売りに出る女がかぶったところからこの名がある。しかし、平安時代も中期以後には上流婦人の外出に着装されるようになり、旅装としての壺装束(つぼしょうぞく)を構成するようになった。また、雨天の行幸供奉(ぐぶ)には公卿(くぎょう)にも着用されるようになり、局笠(つぼねがさ)、窄笠(つぼみがさ)などともよばれた。当時のものは周縁部が大きく深いので肩や背を覆うほどであったが、鎌倉時代以後のものはそれが小さく浅くなり、安土(あづち)桃山時代では、その先端をとがらせ装飾を施すようになり、江戸時代になると黒漆の塗り笠になって、やがて廃れていった。

［宮本瑞夫］

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