A device that produces a high-voltage electric spark to ignite the fuel-air mixture in gasoline and oil engines. It is also called a spark plug. It is attached to the cylinder head of the engine, with one end protruding into the combustion chamber, creating a gap for spark discharge. It consists of a center electrode, an insulator, and a body, and a secondary current generated by a sensitive coil is applied to the center electrode. When the secondary voltage is high enough to break the insulation in the gap of the spark plug, a spark discharge occurs between the center electrode and the electrode attached to the body. The body also serves as the attachment point to the engine, and the ignition device and the engine are grounded together, forming a circuit. Spark plug insulators are made of materials such as porcelain, aluminum oxide, and mica to withstand over 10,000 volts, and there are several types of cooling with different degrees depending on the load to keep the temperature of the spark plug appropriate. [Masatake Yoshida] ©Takashi Aoki Spark plug structure Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ガソリンエンジン、石油機関などで燃料と空気の混合気を点火するための高圧電気火花を飛ばす装置。点火栓ともいう。機関のシリンダーヘッドに取り付けられ、一端は燃焼室に突出し、火花放電をおこす間隙(かんげき)をつくっている。構造は中心電極、絶縁体、胴体からなり、感応コイルで発生した二次電流を中心電極に与える。二次電圧が点火栓の間隙の絶縁を破るほど高いため、中心電極と胴体に取り付けた電極の間に火花放電がおこる。胴体はエンジンへの取り付け部ともなり、点火装置の接地とエンジンの接地は共通なので回路が構成される。点火栓の絶縁体は1万ボルト以上に耐えるように磁器、酸化アルミニウム、雲母(うんも)などが用いられ、点火栓の温度を適当に保つように負荷に応じて数種類の冷却の程度の異なるものがある。 [吉田正武] ©青木 隆"> 点火プラグの構造 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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