Tesshu Tokusai

Japanese: 鉄舟徳済 - てっしゅう・とくさい

Year of death: 5th year of Joji/15th September 1366 (19th October 1366)
Year of birth: unknown. Zen monk and painter from the Northern and Southern Courts period. Born in Shimotsuke (Tochigi Prefecture). Traveled to the Yuan Dynasty during the Zhiyuan era (1335-41) in China, and visited Chikuden Goshin, Kochi Keitetsu, Furubayashi Kiyomori, Nanchu Shisetsu, and Gekko Shoin. Emperor Junzong of the Yuan Dynasty bestowed the title of Entsu Daishi. After returning to Japan, he lived at Fudai-ji Temple in Awa (Tokushima Prefecture) in 1347, and inherited the teachings of Muso Soseki. In 1362, he became the 29th abbot of Manju-ji Temple in Kyoto, and in his later years he lived at Zuiko-ji Temple in Harima (Hyogo Prefecture), and lived in seclusion at Ryuko-in Temple in Saga. Known as a master of ink painting, especially Bokuran, several works in the style of Yuan Dynasty's Setso and others have been handed down. Gukei Ue, who also painted ink paintings, was a disciple of Tesshu. His representative works are "Reeds and Wild Geese" (owned by the Metropolitan Museum of Art, USA) and "Orchid and Bamboo" (private collection) with a comment by Gido Shushin. <References> Tamamura Takeji, "Collection of Biography of the Five Zen Monks of the Mountains"

(Yuji Yamashita)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

没年：貞治5/正平21.9.15(1366.10.19)
生年：生年不詳
南北朝期の禅僧,画家。下野(栃木県)の人。中国の至元年間(1335～41)に元に渡り,竺田悟心,古智慶哲,古林清茂,南楚師説,月江正印らに歴参した。元の順宗皇帝より円通大師の号を特賜された。帰国後,貞和3/正平2(1347)年には阿波(徳島県)の補陀寺に住し,夢窓疎石の法を嗣いだ。貞治1/正平17(1362)年,京都万寿寺第29世となり,晩年は播磨(兵庫県)の瑞光寺に住し,嵯峨の竜光院に閑居した。水墨画,特に墨蘭の名手として知られ,元の雪窓らの作風にならった作品が数点伝わる。やはり水墨画を描いた愚渓右慧は鉄舟の弟子である。代表作は「蘆雁図」(米・メトロポリタン美術館蔵),義堂周信賛「蘭竹図」(個人蔵)。<参考文献>玉村竹二『五山禅僧伝記集成』

(山下裕二)

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