Teito Rapid Transit Authority - Teito Rapid Transit Authority

A public corporation that built and operated the subway in Tokyo and its surrounding areas. It is commonly known as Teito Rapid Transit Authority. In 1941 (Showa 16), it was established as a special corporation with investments from the government, Tokyo City, and private railway companies in order to control the confusion caused by the competition between existing private subway companies and to expand the subway in Tokyo. It began operations with the 14.3 km Asakusa-Shibuya section (now the Ginza Line), which combined the lines of Tokyo Underground Railway Co., Ltd. and Tokyo Rapid Railway Co., Ltd., but construction of new lines was halted due to the war. After World War II, it was recognized as the only surviving Teito due to its public nature, and in 1951 (Showa 26), it was made a public corporation by excluding private capital, and began expanding the new lines by borrowing funds from the US reciprocal aid to Japan and funds from the fund management department. Starting with the opening of the Marunouchi Line between Ikebukuro and Ochanomizu in 1954, the Hibiya Line opened in 1961, the Tozai Line in 1966, the Chiyoda Line in 1969, the Yurakucho Line in 1974, the Hanzomon Line in 1978, and the Namboku Line in 1991. As of the end of March 2004, the company had a total operating distance of 183.2 km, 2,515 carriages, an average daily passenger load of 5.59 million people, capital of 58.1 billion yen (government investment of 31 billion yen, Tokyo Metropolitan Government investment of 27 billion yen), and 9,369 employees. The company also engaged in related businesses such as building and service businesses. In April 2004, it was privatized and became Tokyo Metro Co., Ltd. (commonly known as Tokyo Metro).

[Kiyoji Nakamura]

"The Subways that ran in the Showa era" (1977) compiled and published by the Teito Rapid Transit Authority ; " The 50-year history of the Teito Rapid Transit Authority's Subway" (1991) compiled and published by the Teito Rapid Transit Authority

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

東京とその周辺における地下鉄の建設と運営にあたった公法人。通称は営団地下鉄。英語表記Teito Rapid Transit Authority。1941年（昭和16）従来の民間地下鉄会社間の競争に伴う混乱を統制し、東京における地下鉄の拡充を図る目的で、政府、東京市、私鉄各社の出資による特殊法人として設立。東京地下鉄道（株）と東京高速鉄道（株）の路線をあわせた浅草―渋谷間（現、銀座線）14.3キロメートルをもって業務を開始したが、新線の建設は戦争のため中断。第二次世界大戦後、その公共性から唯一の存続営団として認められ、1951年（昭和26）民間資本を排除して公法人となり、アメリカ対日見返援助資金や資金運用部資金を借り入れて新線の拡充に着手。1954年に丸ノ内線池袋―御茶ノ水間を開通したのを皮切りに、1961年日比谷(ひびや)線、1966年東西線、1969年千代田線、1974年有楽町線、1978年半蔵門線、1991年（平成3）南北線と相次いで開通。2004年（平成16）3月末時点の営業キロは183.2キロメートル、保有車両2515、輸送人員1日平均559万人、資本金581億円（政府出資310億円、東京都出資270億円）、職員数9369人。ビル事業、サービス事業などの関連事業も行った。なお、2004年4月に民営化され、東京地下鉄株式会社（通称は東京メトロ）となった。

［中村清司］

『帝都高速度交通営団編・刊『昭和を走った地下鉄』（1977）』▽『帝都高速度交通営団編・刊『営団地下鉄五十年史』（1991）』

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