A group of poor people led by the English mystic utopian Winstanley, cultivated wasteland on St. George's Hill near Cobham, Surrey, on April 1, 1649, and began living together there. They were named Diggers. They took the political equality advocated by the Levellers a step further, and called themselves "True Levellers," insisting on economic and social equality. This movement was suppressed and lasted only a year, but it was one of the episodes that showed the millenarianism that culminated during the Puritan Revolution, which dreamed of the realization of the Kingdom of God on earth. It was the final stage of the anti-feudal lord struggle since the Middle Ages, and at the same time, it was a forerunner of the anti-capitalist people's movement in the modern world. (Book version 1987) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ピューリタン革命の最左翼を担った民衆運動の一派。イギリスの神秘主義的ユートピア主義者ウィンスタンリーに率いられた貧民の一団が、1649年4月1日、サリー州コバム近郊の聖ジョージの丘で荒れ地を開墾し、共同生活を始めたことから、ディガーズ(掘り耕す人々)の名がついた。彼らはレベラーズ(水平派または平等派ともいう)の主張した政治的平等をさらに推し進め、経済的、社会的平等を主張して自ら「真正水平派」を名のった。この運動は弾圧されて1年しか続かなかったが、ピューリタン革命期にその絶頂をみた、神の国がこの地上に実現することを夢みる千年王国主義Millenarianism的風潮を示すエピソードの一つとなった。中世以来の反封建領主闘争の最後の局面であると同時に、きたるべき近代世界における反資本主義的民衆運動の先駆けとなった。(書籍版 1987年) 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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