Dioskuroi (English spelling)

Japanese: ディオスクロイ - でぃおすくろい(英語表記)Dioskuroi
Dioskuroi (English spelling)

The twin gods Castor and Polydeuces in Greek mythology. The name means "sons of Zeus," but since their mother Leda was the wife of Tyndareus, they are also called the Tyndaridai (meaning "children of Tyndareus"). On the same night that Leda had sex with Zeus, who had transformed into a swan, she also shared the bed with her husband Tyndareus, and Polydeuces and Helen were born to Zeus, and Castor and Clytemnestra were born to Tyndareus. Castor is said to be mortal, that is, human, and Polydeuces is immortal, that is, god, but according to Homer, both were human.

One day, the Dioscuri, along with the brothers Idas and Lynceus, took a plunder of cattle from Arcadia and left the distribution of the cattle to Idas. However, due to a trick by Idas, a glutton, they lost all the cattle, so they went to Messene to retrieve them, and although they managed to get them back, Castor was killed by Idas. Polydeuces killed Lynceus with a spear, but while chasing Idas, he threw a stone at his head and he fell. At this time, Zeus struck Idas with a thunderbolt and took Polydeuces to heaven. Polydeuces refused to accept his immortality as long as Castor was dead, so Zeus allowed the two of them to live between gods and humans on alternating days. In other words, they decided to share Polydeuces' immortality between them. One story is that Zeus took them both to heaven and added them to the constellations that decorate the winter night sky. This is Gemini. Furthermore, they became the patron deities of sailing, and it seems that the "St. Elmo's Fire" that appears on the bow of a ship during a storm was originally believed to be an appearance of the Dioscuri.

[Teruo Ito]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ギリシア神話の双子神カストルとポリデウケスのこと。「ゼウスの息子たち」の意味であるが、母のレダがティンダレオスの妻であることから、ティンダリダイ(「ティンダレオスの子」の意)ともよばれる。母のレダが、白鳥の姿に身を変じたゼウスと交わったその同じ夜、夫のティンダレオスとも床をともにしたため、ゼウスとの間からは、ポリデウケスとヘレネが、またティンダレオスとの間からはカストルとクリタイムネストラが生まれた。カストルは死すべき身、つまり人間で、ポリデウケスは不死の身、つまり神であるとされるが、ホメロスによれば両者とも人間となっている。

 あるときディオスクロイは、イダスとリンケウスの兄弟とともに、アルカディアから分捕り品の牛を連れ出し、その分配をイダスに任せた。ところが大食漢のイダスの策略から牛を全部巻き上げられたので、彼らはメッセネまで奪い返しに行き、いったんは取り戻したがカストルはイダスに殺された。ポリデウケスはリンケウスを槍(やり)で殺すが、イダスを追跡中に彼に石を頭に投げられて倒れ、このときゼウスが雷霆(らいてい)でイダスを撃ち、ポリデウケスを天上に連れていった。ポリデウケスはカストルが死者となっている限り自分の不死を受けることを拒絶したため、ゼウスは2人に1日交替に神々と人間の間にいることを許した。つまりポリデウケスの不死を2人で分かち合うことにしたのである。一説ではゼウスは両者を天上に連れていき、冬の夜空を飾る星座に加えたという。これがふたご座Geminiである。さらに彼らは航海の守護神となったが、暴風雨のときに船の舳(へさき)に現れる「聖(セント)エルモの火」は、もともとディオスクロイの出現と信じられていたようである。

[伊藤照夫]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

<<:  Pedanios Dioskorides (English spelling)

>>:  Diogenes Laertios

Recommend

Tencho Festival - Tencho Festival

A holiday celebrating the Emperor's birthday....

Pujangga (English spelling)

They were court poets in the traditional kingdoms ...

Turtle-like flying wasp - Turtle-like flying wasp

...They mainly parasitize scale insects and psyll...

Reiji Okazaki

1930-1975 A molecular biologist in the late Showa...

Refund - Comp

[noun] (suru) To return something to its original ...

Tenri [city] - Tenri

A city in the eastern part of the Nara Basin in Na...

Ishikawajima Shipyard

Japan's first Western-style shipyard was buil...

Xenius

…He studied in France and, together with Ortega y...

Rosso Fiorentino

Around 1495 - 1540 Italian painter. His real name ...

Antigua Guatemala - Antigua Guatemala

...Capital of the Sacatepéquez department in sout...

A Certain Woman

A full-length novel by Arishima Takeo. It is divi...

Baugin, Lubin

Born: 1612. Loiret, Pithivier Died July 11, 1663. ...

Abe Masato

Year of death: April 20, 1887 Year of birth: Bunse...

Nut sesame - Kinomi sesame

...On the other hand, as an adult hobby, many tra...

South polar skua (bandit gull) - South polar skua (English spelling)

A general term for seabirds in the Stercorariidae ...