Ichikawa Sanki

English scholar. Great-grandson of the late Edo period Confucian scholar and Chinese poet Ichikawa Kansai, and grandson of the calligrapher Ichikawa Beian. Born in Tokyo. He was supervised by John Lawrence (1850-1916), a teacher in the Department of Linguistics at the Faculty of Letters of Tokyo Imperial University, and his graduation thesis, "The Historical Development of the English Language" (1909), attracted the attention of the academic world. In 1920 (Taisho 9), he became the first Japanese professor in the Department of English Literature at Tokyo Imperial University, and was at the center of the English and English literature world, educating many scholars and becoming the first president of the English Literary Society of Japan. His "Studies in English Grammar" (1912) was a groundbreaking work that established Japanese English linguistics on an academic basis for the first time, and his "Dictionary of English Linguistics" (1940) became a guidepost in the English linguistics world. After retiring from the government, he managed the Language Education Research Institute (now a general incorporated foundation) with which he had been involved since its founding, and was awarded the Japan Academy of Sciences (1939) and a Person of Cultural Merit (1959). He also made a name for himself by collecting butterflies and plants.

[Keifu Ueno October 19, 2018]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

英語学者。江戸後期の儒者で漢詩人の市河寛斎(かんさい)の曽孫(そうそん)、また、書家市河米庵(べいあん)の孫。東京に生まれる。東京帝国大学文科大学言語学科教師ローレンスJohn Lawrence（1850―1916）の指導を受け、卒業論文『forの歴史的発達』（1909）は学界の注目を集めた。1920年（大正9）東京帝国大学英文科の日本人初の教授となり、多くの学者を育て、日本英文学会の初代会長になるなど、英語英文学界の中心であった。『英文法研究』（1912）は日本の英語学を初めて学問的基盤に据えた画期的著作であり、『英語学辞典』（1940）は英語学界の指針となった。退官後は、創立から関係した語学教育研究所（現在は一般財団法人）の運営にあたり、学士院会員（1939）、文化功労者（1959）となった。チョウや植物の採集でも一家をなした。

［上野景福　2018年10月19日］

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