A strait between Honshu and Hokkaido. It is about 100km east to west and 20 to 50km north to south. The topography is divided into a channel running east to west through the center of the strait, a continental shelf on both sides, and a ridge at the west entrance. The central channel has deep areas on both sides that are more than 200m deep, with a maximum depth of 449m. The Tsugaru Strait was the route for the Aomori-Hakodate ferry, but in 1988 the Seikan Tunnel was completed under the sea at the narrowest part from Minmaya Village, Aomori Prefecture to Fukushima Town, Hokkaido, and the JR Tsugaru Kaikyo Line crosses the strait. Ferries are in service between Aomori and Hakodate, and between Oma and Hakodate. The Tsugaru Strait was not formed in the Pleistocene, and Honshu and Hokkaido were connected by land. It is thought that the strait was formed around 20,000 years ago due to a north-south or east-west fault. The boundary between the straits is called the Brakestone Line because of the significant difference in the distribution of living organisms on either side of the strait. The Tsugaru Warm Current, which branches off from the Tsushima Warm Current, flows eastward at an average speed of 2 to 4 kn. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
本州と北海道との間にある海峡。東西約 100km,南北 20~50km。地形は海峡中心部を東西に走る水道部とその両側の大陸棚および西口の海嶺部とに分けられる。中央水道部は東西に水深 200m以上の深部があり,その最深部は 449mある。青森―函館間を結ぶ青函連絡船の航路になっていたが,1988年,青森県三厩村から北海道福島町までの最狭部の海底に青函トンネルが完成し,JR津軽海峡線が海峡を横断している。海上交通としては青森―函館間,大間―函館間などにフェリーが就航している。津軽海峡は更新世には形成されておらず,本州と北海道は陸続きであったが,その後南北あるいは東西方向の断層などによって 2万年前頃海峡が形成されたと考えられる。この海峡を境に生物の生息分布に著しい相違がみられることから,その境界線はブレーキストン線と名づけられている。対馬暖流から分岐した津軽暖流が平均 2~4knで東流する。
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