Tongdoji Temple

A temple in Yangsan, South Gyeongsang Province, Korea. Its mountain name is Mount Yeongjusan, and it is one of the 31 temples in the former Joseon Dynasty. It was founded by Jizang. Jizang returned to Korea from Mount Odaesan in the third month of 643 (the 12th year of the reign of Queen Seondeok in Silla) and lived in Bunhwangsa Temple. In 646, he went up to this temple with Queen Seondeok and built the Kongo-kaidan. Inside, a stone box and a stone bed were made, and three boxes were placed on top of each other, one of which contained four three-colored relics from the Tang Dynasty, one of which contained a tooth, and the remaining one contained several dozen pieces of the phalanges of the apex. In addition, a shell-leaf sutra was placed inside, a stone lid was placed on it, and the ordination platform was adorned. At the same time, the main hall, the Jakumetsu Palace, and the lecture hall were also built. The name Tongdosa Temple is said to come from the fact that the climate of this temple is connected to the Western Regions and India, or it means that it is a person who has passed through the ordination process, or it is because Jizang built the ordination platform and performed the ordination certificate. Later, the temple suffered disasters such as the destruction of the buildings by Japanese troops in 1592 and the pirates in April 1377, but was renovated and in 1704 Shoyo restored the stupa. Thereafter, each king added new buildings to the temple and the temple flourished. The temple treasures include the Golden Lotus Sutra, the Tripitaka's Record of the Journey of Tripitaka's Western Journey, a vajra, a bronze incense burner, and old woodblock printing blocks.

[Michio Sato]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

韓国（大韓民国）、慶尚南道梁山市にある寺。山号を霊鷲山(りょうじゅさん)といい、旧朝鮮三十一本山の一。慈蔵(じぞう)の開基。慈蔵は、643年（新羅(しらぎ)、善徳女王12年）3月、唐五台山より帰国し芬皇(ふんこう)寺に住していたが、646年善徳女王とともに当山に上り金剛戒壇を築いた。その中に石函(せっかん)・石床(せきしょう)をつくり、上に3種の函を重列したが、一函には唐より将来の三色舎利4枚、一函には歯牙(しが)1枚、残り一函には頂骨指節数十片を安置し、さらに、貝葉(ばいよう)経文を納め蓋石(ふたいし)をし、戒壇を荘厳(しょうごん)し、同時に大雄殿、寂滅(じゃくめつ)宮、法堂(ほうとう)なども創建されたと伝える。通度寺の名号は、当山の気象が西域(せいいき)・インドに通ずるからだとも、また通方度人の意であるとも、あるいは慈蔵が戒壇をつくり通受度牒(つうじゅどちょう)を行ったためともいう。のち、1377年4月に海寇(かいこう)で、1592年に日本軍の兵火によって堂舎焼失するなど災厄を受けたが、重修が行われ、1704年には性能が舎利塔を修造し、以後各王が堂舎を増造し、寺門は隆盛した。寺宝には、『金字法華経(ほけきょう)』『三蔵西行路程記』、金剛杵(こんごうしょ)、青銅香炉(こうろ)、旧印刷木版などがある。

［里道徳雄］

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