Rent - penis

In ancient Japan, there was a system of leasing fields and gardens for a period of one year. In the Yoro-ryo (Chinese Code), the article on renting fields stipulates that "fields are to be rented for a period of one year only. Gardens may be rented or sold as desired," and the article on public fields stipulates that public fields were used as a source of operating funds for the Daijokan (Grand Council of State). In ancient Japan, "buying and selling" was a concept that included both renting and perpetual buying and selling, and the term renting was adopted in the Ritsuryo Code to clarify buying and selling (leasing) for a period of one year only. Rent was a method of taking the rent in the spring when the farmland was leased, and rent was a method of taking the rent after the autumn harvest. The rental rate was one-third to one-half of the value of the farmland (the same rate as the interest rate for the land), and there is a theory that rent is nothing more than the "rent" of the usufruct and harvest rights of the farmland.

[Eiichi Ishigami]

"Ritsuryo" edited by Mitsusada Inoue et al. (1976, Iwanami Shoten)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

日本古代の田地・園地の1年間限りの賃貸借制度。養老令(ようろうりょう)では、田令の賃租条に「田ヲ賃租セムコトハ、各(オノオノ)一年ヲ限レ。園ハ任(ホシイママ)ニ賃租シ及ビ売レ」と定められ、公田条には、太政官(だいじょうかん)の運営財源の公田の賃租による運用が定められている。日本古代の「売買」は賃租と永代売買を含む概念であり、賃租の語は1年限りの売買（貸借）を明確にするために律令に採用された。賃は耕地貸借時の春に価直(かちょく)（賃租料）をとる方式、租は秋の収穫後に価直をとる方式。賃租料率は耕地価値の3分の1から2分の1（出挙(すいこ)利率と同率）であり、賃租は耕地の用益・収穫権の「出挙」にほかならないとみる説もある。

［石上英一］

『井上光貞他編『律令』（1976・岩波書店）』

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