crayfish

Japanese: crayfish
crayfish

... In kanji, the large spiny lobster species is called ebi, and the small kuruma shrimp species is called 蝦. In English, spiny lobsters are called spiny lobsters, kuruma shrimp species are called prawns, korebi species are called shrimps, and crayfish species are called crayfish or crayfish. However, the kanji and English names of each species are not always written in this way, and are often idiomatic.
[Form and Function]
The bodies of shrimps are bilaterally symmetrical and consist of five head segments, eight thoracic segments, and seven abdominal segments, but the head and thorax are covered by a single chitinous exoskeleton called the cephalothorax, so the segment structure cannot be seen from the outside (Figure 2).

*Some of the terminology that mentions "crayfish" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

… 漢字では大型のイセエビ類などには海老,小型のクルマエビ類やコエビ類には蝦の字があてられることが多い。英語ではイセエビ類はspiny lobster,クルマエビ類などはprawn,コエビ類はshrimp,ザリガニ類はcrawfish,またはcrayfishであるが,漢字も英名もそれぞれの種については必ずしもこのとおりではなく,慣用的なことが多い。
[形態と機能]
 エビ類の体は左右相称で,頭部5節,胸部8節,腹部7節からなっているが,頭部と胸部は頭胸甲と呼ばれる1枚のキチン質の外骨格で覆われているため,外からは体節構造は見えない(図2)。…

※「crayfish」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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