Stylites; pillar saints

Japanese: 柱頭行者 - ちゅうとうぎょうじゃ（英語表記）stylites; pillar saints

A solitary monk who practiced asceticism while living on top of a pillar. The height of the pillar was not fixed, and sometimes a temporary hut was built on top of the pillar. Meals were provided by his disciples. This type of asceticism was widely practiced in Syria, Palestine, and Mesopotamia after its founder, Simeon the Greater (5th century). Representatives of this method include Daniel in the 5th century, Simeon the Younger in the 6th century, and Lazarus in the 10th and 11th centuries. They not only practiced asceticism, but sometimes also preached to those who came to them.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

1本の柱の上で生活しながら苦行した独修士。柱の高さは決っておらず，ときには柱上に仮小屋がしつらえられることもあった。食事は弟子によって供給された。このような禁欲修行法は，その創始者大シメオン (5世紀) 以後，シリア，パレスチナ，メソポタミアに多く実行された。その代表者は5世紀のダニエル，6世紀の小シメオン，10～11世紀のラザロスなど。彼らは苦行したばかりではなく，ときには慕い来る人々に布教活動を行なった。

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