Middle

Japanese: 中 - ちゅう

[1] [noun] ① the middle of something; the center; or between two things; between. ※Taiheiki (Chronicles of the Taiheiki) (late 14th century) chapter 14: “The bridge girder broke in the middle, about four or five meters long, and over a thousand soldiers fell, floating away, neither floating nor sinking.” [Zhang Heng, Writings on Tokyo] ② the inside of something; inside. ※Shoku Nihongi (Chronicles of the Second World War) October 18, 741: “The ranks of the two men in the ranks of the interior and exterior have been established as five-ranked, and from now on they will serve in the _center .” [Yijing (Book of Changes) Kungua (Hebrew Hebrew Hebrew Hebrew)] ③ (adjective-verb) A degree or level between two extremes. Not big or small, not good or bad, etc. ※Shoku Nihongi - Wadou 7th year (714), April Jinbu "From now on, the production _rates in each province will _be _two or three levels, with _two large 4th Hu, one medium 3rd Hu, and _one small 2nd Hu." ※Ukiyo-zoshi - Saikaku Ori-ru (1694), volume 3 "These are matters for the household , and are also for the benefit of those below the middle rank ." [Book of Documents - Yu Gong] 4. Not leaning to either side. Not being biased in thoughts or actions. The golden mean. ※Oeihon Analects (1420), Chapter 3 of the Eight Chapters: "In etiquette, it is good to be _neither extravagant _nor frugal and to obtain the middle." ※Sharebon Kodaiban'ei-ki (1754), Postscript: "That which is not biased is called the middle; that which is familiar and does not change is valued . " [Book of Documents - Yu Mo Da] ⑤ Refers to the middle or intermediate stage in the passage of time. (a) The time while something is being carried out. In the middle. ※Otogi-zoshi, Sarugenji-zoshi (late Muromachi period) "Zaemon (omitted) had already intended to kill him, but in the middle he changed his mind." (b) The time while something is just progressing. In the middle. ※Kabuki: Chausuyama Kaika Jindatsu (1880), Act 4, "Well, in the words , <abbreviated> what is that?"⑥ To mediate or adjust between two people. Also, the thing itself. (i) To mediate. Also, the person. ※Sekkyobushi: Okuri (Gyobutsu Emaki) (mid-17th century), 5, "This step is being taken here, and without stopping, I am afraid that he will return it to the depths." [Spring and Autumn Annals of Graces - 9th year of Duke Huan] (b) To seek profit between two people. Also, the mediation fee, etc. ※Joruri: Shinju Ni-pai-e Soushi (around 1706), Middle: "He kept promising to prepare and collect the goods, but he never came, so I sent a messenger every day and night to see if he had collected them."⑦ (adjective-verb) Something that is in a bad state. Something that is not in keeping with the situation. Also, the state of being. ※Humorous Book of Kokin Hyaku Baka (1814), Vol. 2 "I got a drink first, but somehow it was a middle one, and it didn't seem funny." ⑧ In the Ritsuryo system, it is a classification by age. In the Yoro Code, it refers to men and women aged 17 to 20. Men are called chunan . [Ryo Gikai (718)] ⑨ The hole after the evening hole on a flute . ※Tsurezuregusa (around 1331), Vol. 219 "The Kan hole is in Hei-cho, and the Go hole is in Ge-mu-cho. <Omitted> The Chu hole is in the Basawatari-cho, and between Chu and Roku there is the Shinsen-cho." ⑩ One of the scale names in Noh plays. It refers to the middle note. A note lower than the high note and higher than the low note. ※Zeami's Noh play, Morihisa (c. 1432), "Chu geniya kyoukyo wa Kumoi no yoso" ⑪ One of the terms used in Gidayu-bushi. A sound with a pitch between high and low. ⑫ A term related to astronomy. Refers to the highest altitude of a celestial body. It can also be called the highest point. ⑬ Abbreviation of "chūgiri (middle limit)". ⑭ Abbreviation of "chūgakko (middle school)". ⑮ Abbreviation of "chūgoku (China)". ⑯ ⇒chu (space) [2] [Latter-of-the-month] (Attached to a noun) 1. Indicates something that is included within it. "In the air" or "In the eyeball", etc. 2. Indicates something that is within a certain range, or the entire range. "During this week" or "Among animals", etc. →juu. 3. Indicates something that is happening at the time of doing something, or being in that state. "During class" or "out of order", etc. ④ (Repeating the same noun "in the middle of...") Expresses the most relevant of the two. "The genius among geniuses," "The worst wife among bad wives," etc. *Tosei Shosei Kishitetsu ( Tosei Shosei Spirit) (1885-86) by Tsubouchi Shoyo, vol. 3 "Isn't this really the most suspicious of all?" [Additional note] For things that have the same meaning as "chu," examples written as "chu" are also covered in the entry for "chu (chu ) ."

Juju [Medium]

〘Phrase element〙① A certain time in a certain period of time. In addition to being attached to a noun, it can also be attached to the conjunction "kono". ※Tanzou story book Tan'yu (1777) "The guest came to Yoshihara and went to Shinagawa this time" ② Expresses that it covers the entire area. (i) Attached to a word that has a broad location, covering the entire area, everything. ※Amakusahon Heike (1592) 2 "Shimobe domo maitte goxogiǔ (goshojuu) wo sagashi tatematsure to maushitareba" (ii) The source of a set, all the members of a group. For example, "all the students". ※Yukiguni (1935-47) by Kawabata Yasunari "I had the hardest time of all the hardships" (ha) Attached to a word that indicates a period of time, throughout that period. For example, "all day long," "all year round," "all winter."

Chu-suru [inside]

〘 self-suffixed〙 chu・su 〘 self-sufficient〙① To reach the center. Also, when something becomes heady. [Bunmeihon Setsuyoshu (mid-Muromachi period)]② To become unbiased. To take the middle path, neither too much nor too little. To adhere to the path of moderation. ※Zokuzoku Kyūō Dowa (1838), vol. 1 "This is what is meant by a gentleman being in the right place at the time. Therefore, it is like an empty mirror, or balance in balance."③ To fit perfectly. To suit. ※Zōka Myōmyō Kidan (1879-80), Vol. 2 of Miyazaki Yanagijō "The physiques and deformities of all kinds of animals, <omitted> in short, they are all in their own way. "

Chu-su [Medium]

〘Independent verb〙 ⇒chuu suru (middle)

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

[1] 〘名〙① 物のまんなか。中央。また、二つのもののあいだ。あいだ。※太平記（１４Ｃ後）一四「橋桁四五間中より折れて、落入る兵千余人、浮きぬ沈みぬ流れ行く」〔張衡‐東京賦〕② 物のうちがわ。内部。なか。※続日本紀‐天平一三年（741）一〇月戊戌「制、内外従五位已上自今以後、侍_レ中供奉」〔易経‐坤卦〕③ (形動) 程度、度合が両極端のあいだであること。大きくもなく小さくもないこと、よくもわるくもないことなど。※続日本紀‐和銅七年（714）四月壬午「自今以後、諸国造_レ倉率為_二三等_一、受_二大肆阡斛、中参阡斛、小弍阡斛_一」※浮世草子・西鶴織留（1694）三「是等は世帯(せたい)の事にて、中(チウ)より下の人のためにもなりぬ」〔書経‐禹貢〕④ どちらにもかたよっていないこと。考えや行動にかたよりのないこと。中庸。※応永本論語抄（1420）八佾第三「礼は不_レ奢不_レ倹して中を得るを好とす」※洒落本・交代盤栄記（1754）跋「かたよらざるを中(チウ)といふ、馴粋(なじみ)てかわらざるを貴(たっとし)とす」〔書経‐大禹謨〕⑤ 時間的経過の途中、中間をさす。(イ) 物事を行なっているあいだの時。なかほど。※御伽草子・猿源氏草紙（室町末）「左衛門〈略〉すでに討たんとしたりしが、中(チウ)にて心をひきかへし」(ロ) 物事が、ちょうど進行しているあいだの時。最中。※歌舞伎・茶臼山凱歌陣立（1880）四幕「いやお詞の中(チウ)ながら〈略〉そりゃ何事でござりまする」⑥ 両者のあいだにあって、なかだちや調整をすること。また、そのもの。(イ) とりなすこと。また、その人。※説経節・をくり（御物絵巻）（１７Ｃ中）五「このふみ、ちうにて、とめなさで、おくへとをひてに、へんじ申せと、よもふかの」〔春秋穀梁伝‐桓公九年〕(ロ) 両者のあいだで、利をむさぼること。また、なかだちの手数料など。※浄瑠璃・心中二枚絵草紙（1706頃）中「仕着をして取らしょふと約束ばかりで参らぬ故、わたしが、ちうでも取ったかと毎日毎夜の使立て」⑦ (形動) ぐあいの悪いこと。そぐわないこと。また、そのさま。※滑稽本・古今百馬鹿（1814）下「先酒にはありついたが、何だか中(チウ)でどうもおかしからぬから」⑧ 令制で、年齢による区分の一つ。養老令では一七歳以上二〇歳以下の男女を指す。男は中男(ちゅうなん)という。〔令義解（718）〕⑨ 横笛の夕(しゃく)の次にある孔(あな)。※徒然草（1331頃）二一九「干(かん)の穴は平調、五の穴は下無調なり。〈略〉中(ちう)の穴盤渉調、中と六とのあはひに神仙調あり」⑩ 謡曲の階名の一つ。中音のこと。上音より低く、下音より高い音。※世阿彌筆本謡曲・盛久（1432頃）「中げにや故郷は雲居のよそ」⑪ 義太夫節の節章用語の一つ。上と下の中間の高さの音。⑫ 天文関係の用語。天体の高度が最も高い所にあることをいう。最高度ということもある。⑬ 「ちゅうぎり（中限）」の略。⑭ 「ちゅうがっこう（中学校）」の略。⑮ 「ちゅうごく（中国）」の略。⑯ ⇒ちゅう（宙）[2] 〘語素〙 (体言に付いて)① その中に含まれることを表わす。「空気中」「眼球中」など。② その範囲内であること、また、その範囲全部であることを表わす。「今週中」「動物中」など。→じゅう。③ ちょうどそれをしているときであること、その状態にあることを表わす。「授業中」「故障中」など。④ (「…中の…」と、同じ名詞をくりかえす形で) その中で最もそれに該当することを表わす。「天才中の天才」「悪妻中の悪妻」など。※当世書生気質（1885‐86）〈坪内逍遙〉三「実に不審中(ふしんチウ)の不審じゃアないか」[補注]意味が「宙(ちゅう)」の意味と一致するものは、「中」の表記をとった例も、「ちゅう（宙）」の項で扱った。

じゅうヂュウ【中】

〘語素〙① ある期間のなかのあるとき。体言に付くほか、連体詞「この」に付くこともある。※咄本・譚嚢（1777）探幽「客、よしはらへ来て、このぢう品川へ行たが」② その範囲のすべてにわたっていることを表わす。(イ) 場所の広がりをもつ語に付いて、その範囲一帯に、すべてにわたって。※天草本平家（1592）二「シモベドモマイッテ goxogiǔ(ゴショヂュウ) ヲサガシタテマツレトマウシタレバ」(ロ) 集合の元、集団の成員のすべて。「生徒中」など。※雪国（1935‐47）〈川端康成〉「きゃうだいぢゅうで、一番苦労したわ」(ハ) 期間を示す語に付いて、その期間を通じて、ずっと。「一日中」「一年中」「冬中」など。

ちゅう‐・する【中】

〘自サ変〙ちゅう・す〘自サ変〙① まんなかに至る。また、物事がまっさかりになる。〔文明本節用集（室町中）〕② 片寄っていないさまになる。過不及のない中道をとる。中庸の道を守る。※続々鳩翁道話（1838）一「これを君子時に中すと申します。されば、鏡の空なるがごとく、衡の平なるがごとく」③ ちょうどよく当てはまる。適合する。※造化妙々奇談（1879‐80）〈宮崎柳条〉二編「諸獣類の体格、奇形万状、〈略〉要するに各(みな)其用に中する也」