Chow Chow (English spelling)

Japanese: チャウ･チャウ[種]（英語表記）chow chow

A guard dog originating from China (illustration). It is said that this local dog has existed in China since before the Common Era, and that it was a hybrid of a Tibetan Mastiff and a Samoyed. Its most distinctive feature is its "black tongue," making it an old breed belonging to the northern Spitz tribe. In the past, it was used as a hunting dog, and was called the black tongue dog, bear dog, wolf dog, Cantonese dog, etc. It is said that the name of this breed came from the words exchanged during difficult conversations between British merchants trading with China around the 18th century. In ancient Mongolia, it was bred as a livestock for fur, a daily necessity, and its meat was used for food.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

原産地が中国の番犬（イラスト）。紀元前から中国に存在した地犬で，チベタン･マスチフとサモエードの混血から生じたという説がある。最大の特徴は“黒い舌”で北方系スピッツ族に属する古い犬種。古くは猟犬として用いられ，黒舌犬，熊犬，狼（おおかみ）犬，広東犬などと呼ばれた。18世紀ころ，イギリス商人が中国との交易の際，通じ難い会話の中で交わされた言葉がそのままこの犬種名になったと伝えられる。また古代のモンゴルでは，生活必需品の毛皮用家畜として繁殖され，肉は食用に供されたという。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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