Sharif, Nawaz

Japanese: シャリーフ（英語表記）Sharif, Nawaz

Born: December 25, 1949, Lahore. Pakistani politician and businessman. Prime Minister (in office 1990-93, 1997-99). Full name: Muhammad Nawaz Sharif. After graduating with a law degree from the University of the Punjab, he joined the Ittifaq Group, a powerful conglomerate run by his family. He then entered politics, and in 1981 he became finance minister of Punjab, and in 1985 he became chief minister of the province. In 1990, Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto was dismissed by President Ghulam Ishaq Khan, and in the National Assembly elections held following this, the conservative coalition Islamic Democratic League, of which he was the chairman, won, and he became prime minister. In 1993, he was replaced by President Khan, but the Supreme Court ruled that the dismissal was invalid, and he was reinstated, but he resigned, taking responsibility for the political turmoil. He returned to the prime ministerial position in 1997, and began to reduce the power of the president and the military. In the late 1990s, the domestic economy stagnated, and the economic sanctions imposed by Western countries after Pakistan's nuclear test in 1998 brought the country to the brink of collapse. In 1999, a military coup was launched following the announcement of the dismissal of Army Chief of Staff Pervez Musharraf, and he was ousted from his position as prime minister and sentenced to life imprisonment. He was released in 2000 and went into exile in Saudi Arabia. He was allowed to return to the country in 2007, and in the February 2008 election, the Pakistan Muslim League (affiliated with former Prime Minister Sharif) became the second largest party after the Pakistan People's Party led by Asif Ali Zardari, and the two parties formed a coalition government, forcing President Musharraf to resign in August of the same year.

Shareef
sharif

The Arabic word for a person of noble birth. The plural is ashrāf. Generally, it refers to the descendants of the Prophet Muhammad's family, but the scope of the Muhammad family varies depending on the era, region, and religious position.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1949.12.25. ラホール
パキスタンの政治家，実業家。首相（在任 1990～93，1997～99）。フルネーム Muhammad Nawaz Sharif。パンジャブ大学で法学士号を取得後，一族が経営する有力財閥イティファク・グループに身を置く。その後政界に入り，1981年パンジャブ州の財務大臣を経て，1985年同州首相に就任した。1990年ベナジール・ブットー首相がグラム・イスハーク・カーン大統領に解任され，これをうけて行なわれた国民議会選挙で，総裁を務める保守連合イスラム民主同盟が勝利し，首相の座についた。1993年にカーン大統領に更迭されたが最高裁判所がこれを無効と裁定し，復職したが政治的混乱の責任をとり辞任した。1997年首相に返り咲き，大統領と軍の権限縮小に乗り出した。1990年代後半に国内経済は沈滞し，1998年のパキスタンの核実験後に科された西側諸国の経済制裁により，国家財政が破綻目前となった。1999年ペルベズ・ムシャラフ陸軍参謀長の解任発表に端を発した軍事クーデターによって首相の座を追われ，終身刑を宣告されたが，2000年に釈放されてサウジアラビアに亡命した。2007年に帰国を許され，2008年2月の選挙でパキスタン・イスラム教徒連盟（シャリーフ元首相派）がアシフ・アリ・ザルダリ率いるパキスタン人民党に次ぐ第二党となり，両党による連立政権を樹立し，同年 8月ムシャラフ大統領を辞任に追い込んだ。