Ismā'il Pasha

Japanese: イスマーイール･パシャ（英語表記）Ismā‘īl Pasha

1830‐95
Kheddi (viceroy) of the Muhammad Ali dynasty of Egypt. Reigned 1863-79. His desire for Western modernization was combined with his desire to become independent from the Ottoman Empire, and he achieved a remarkable modernization of Egyptian state institutions, economy, transportation, etc. However, his excessive reliance on foreign capital led to the collapse of the national finances in 1876, and since then Egyptian finances have been placed under British and French control, deepening the dependency of Egyptian society on foreign countries in every detail. Following the February 18, 1879 incident, which was a reaction to the establishment of a European cabinet, he abdicated under pressure from Britain and France.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

1830‐95
エジプトのムハンマド･アリー朝のヘディーウ(副王)。在位1863‐79年。その西欧的近代化志向はオスマン帝国からの自立化の意図と結びつき，エジプト国家機構，経済，交通等の目ざましい近代的整備を実現した。だが過度の外資依存政策は，1876年国家財政の破綻を招き，以来エジプト財政は英仏管理下に移され，エジプト社会の細部にわたる対外従属化状況が深まった。ヨーロッパ人内閣成立に反発する79年2･18事件を機に，英仏の圧力で退位。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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