Barrel ship (barrel ship) - Barrel ship

Japanese: 樽廻船(樽回船) - たるかいせん

During the Edo period, these ships were prepared by barrel ship wholesalers from Osaka and Nishinomiya, mainly carrying sake barrels (4 to barrels) shipped from Kamigata (western Tokyo) such as Nada and Itami to Edo. They are also called barrel ships. The ship type was a benzaisen, like the higaki-kaisen, and initially most were 500 to 1000 koku, but from the 19th century onwards, the 1500 koku class became the norm, with a loading capacity of 1000 koku and 1600 to 2000 barrels. Sake cargo was initially mixed in with other goods on the higaki-kaisen, but in 1730 (the 15th year of the Kyoho era), the sake wholesalers left the Edo Tokumi wholesalers, and ships dedicated to carrying sake cargo began to be operated separately from the higaki-kaisen.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

江戸時代，灘，伊丹などの上方から江戸へ積み出される酒樽(4斗樽)をおもな荷として，大坂，西宮から樽廻船問屋によって仕立てられた廻船。樽船ともいう。船型は菱垣（ひがき）廻船と同じく弁才船で，当初は500石積みから1000石積みを主体としたが，19世紀以降には1500石積み級が中心となり，積載能力は1000石積みで1600樽から2000樽であった。　酒荷は当初菱垣廻船に他の商品とともに混載されていたが，1730年(享保15)に江戸十組（とくみ）問屋から酒問屋が脱退して，菱垣廻船とは別個に酒荷専用船が運航された。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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