Sternocleidomastoid muscle

Japanese: 胸鎖乳突筋 - きょうさにゅうとつきん（英語表記）sternocleidomastoid muscle

This muscle is located on the outside of the neck and originates from the anterior aspect of the manubrium and the sternal end of the clavicle, and is named after the mastoid process of the temporal bone. It is innervated by the accessory nerve and the branches of the cervical plexus. When both sides of the muscle work together, it lifts the jaw and moves the head forward, and when only one side works, it turns and tilts the head to the side. Congenital shortening of this muscle causes congenital muscular torticollis.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

頸部外側にある筋肉で，胸骨柄前面と鎖骨の胸骨端から起り，側頭骨の乳様突起に停止するのでこの名がある。副神経と頸神経叢筋枝に支配される。両側の筋肉が同時に働くと下顎を上げて頭を前方に出し，片側が働くと頭を横に回して傾ける。この筋が先天的に短縮していると先天性筋性斜頸が起る。

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