Born: June 7, 1929, Richmond, Surrey, England
[Died] September 18, 2020. Toronto, Canada. John Napier Turner. Canadian politician and lawyer. Prime Minister (in office June to September 1984). In 1932, he moved with his family from the UK to Canada, and received his primary education in Ottawa. After receiving his bachelor's degree in political science from the University of British Columbia in 1949, he studied abroad in Paris, France for one year. He then studied at Oxford University in the UK as a Rhodes Scholar, receiving his law degree in 1952 and his master's degree in 1957. After returning to the UK, he worked for various companies, and in 1962 he ran for the Liberal Party of Canada and was first elected. He joined the cabinet for the first time in 1965, but lost the 1968 Liberal Party leadership election to Pierre Elliott Trudeau. He served as Minister of Justice and then Minister of Finance in the Trudeau administration, but suddenly resigned in September 1975, and the following February 1976, he also resigned from his position as a member of parliament. He returned to his studies in corporate law, and for the next eight years he served as an executive in several companies while maintaining close ties to politics. In 1984, following Trudeau's announcement that he was retiring from politics, he was chosen as the successor to the party and became prime minister, but was defeated in the election immediately following by Brian Mulroney's Progressive Conservative Party. His term as prime minister lasted less than three months, and his government was short-lived. After losing again to the Conservative Party in the 1988 election, he resigned as leader of the Liberal Party the following year in 1989. He served as a member of the House of Commons until 1993, and worked as a lawyer after retiring from politics. Turner
Turner, Ted Born November 19, 1938 in Cincinnati, Ohio. Founder of the American news television station CNN. After dropping out of Brown University for violating school rules, he joined his father's billboard advertising company, Turner Advertising. When he was 24, he inherited the business when his father died. In 1970, he entered the television industry by purchasing a struggling UHF television station in Atlanta. In 1976, he founded Turner Broadcasting System (TBS). By broadcasting programs to cable television CATV stations across the United States via communications satellite, he succeeded in rapidly expanding revenues. In June 1980, he founded the news cable television station CNN, and attracted attention as a revolutionary in the media world. His coverage of the Tiananmen Square incident in 1989 and the Gulf War in 1991 made CNN known around the world. In 1991, he was selected as Time magazine's annual "Man of the Year." In October 1996, he became Time Warner's largest shareholder after the company acquired TBS (for $7.5 billion), and served as the company's vice chairman, from which he resigned in May 2003. In 1991, he married actress Jane Fonda, but the couple divorced in 2001. He is a yachtsman who won the America's Cup (1977). In 1997, he announced that he would donate $1 billion over 10 years to the United Nations, which was in financial difficulty. Turner
Turner, Frederick Jackson Born November 14, 1861 in Voltage, Wisconsin.
[Died] March 14, 1932. San Marino, California. American historian. Taught American history at the University of Wisconsin (1889-1910) and Harvard University (10-24). In 1893, he published a paper entitled "The Significance of the Frontier in American History," in which he criticized the prevailing theory that American institutions were of Germanic origin, and argued that the very existence of the frontier contributed to the formation of American national character and the development of democracy. In "Significance of Sections in American History" (32), he also emphasized the regional characteristics of the North, South, and West. Both of these reflected the nationalistic trends of the time, and had a great influence on the interpretation of American history. His book "The Frontier in American History" (20) . Turner
Turner, Joseph Mallord William Born: April 23, 1775, London
[Died] December 19, 1851, London
The greatest landscape painter in the 19th century in England. Born to a barber, he studied at the Royal Academy and became a full member at the age of 27. In the same year, he traveled to France for the first time and was strongly influenced by N. Poussin and C. Rolland. From 1819, he traveled to Italy three times. His early faithful depictions gradually changed to a romantic style through these trips, concentrating on the depiction of sky, water, and light, creating free and fantastical landscapes of his own. His masterpieces, Childe Harold's Pilgrimage (1832), The Battleship Temeraire (1839), and Rain, Steam, and Speed (1844), show a perfect harmony of light and atmosphere. His color painting method had a great influence on Monet and other Impressionist painters. Because he loved solitude, he lived a secluded life under a pseudonym in a lodging house in the Chelsea district, and died unknown to anyone. Turner
Turner, Nat. Born October 2, 1800 in Southampton, Virginia
Died November 11, 1831. Jerusalem, Virginia. American black slave. Leader of a slave revolt. Deeply religious, he began to think of himself as an apostle of black liberation from the time he was sold by his second master, and had a great influence on the blacks in his neighborhood, earning him the nickname "Prophet." On the night of August 21, 1831, he revolted with seven other slaves in Southampton, southeastern Virginia, killing the family of his third master. Over the next two days, he killed 51 white people, but households that did not own any slaves were excluded from the attacks. However, only 75 slaves followed, and the revolt collapsed due to armed resistance from whites and the emergence of a 3,000-man militia, and he was hanged. This slave-led struggle for liberation caused panic among slave owners throughout the South, and slave oppression was further strengthened thereafter. Turner
Turner, Victor Witter Born: May 28, 1920, Glasgow
[Died] 1983
British anthropologist. He studied African studies under M. Gluckman at the University of Manchester. After teaching at his alma mater, he went to the United States and held research and professorial positions at Cornell University, the University of Chicago, and the University of Virginia. In the course of his symbolic anthropological research on rituals in the Ndembu society of Zambia and elsewhere, he developed A. van Gennep's theory of rites of passage and presented a perspective for understanding rituals symbolically and dynamically as a process of social structural transformation. His major works include The Ritual Process: Structure and Anti-structure (1969) and Dramas, Fields, and Metaphors (74). Turner
Tourneur, Cyril [Born] Around 1575
Died: February 28, 1626. Kinsale, Ireland. English playwright. Biography unknown. He spent most of his life as a soldier, and it seems he once traveled to the Netherlands as a diplomatic envoy, but in 1625 he accompanied E. Cecil on the Spanish expedition to Cadiz, where he fell ill and died on the way back. He devoted himself to writing for six years, producing satirical poems and lamentations, but is especially known for two horrific tragedies, The Revenger's Tragedy (published in 1607) and The Atheist's Tragedy (published in November), which are representative of the decadent style of the James dynasty that followed Shakespeare's time. However, some scholars believe that the former was written by J. Webster or T. Middleton. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
