Takuan - Pickled radish

A Rinzai sect monk in the early Edo period. His given name was Soho. His father was Akiba Tsunanori, a vassal of Yamana Sosen (Suketoyo, 1511-1580), lord of Izushi Castle in Tajima (Hyogo Prefecture). At the age of 10, he entered Shounen-ji Temple of the Jodo sect in Izushi, and thereafter trained under Kisen (?-1591) of Shofuku-ji Temple, a subtemple of Sukyo-ji Temple of the Tofuku-ji school, Toho Sochu (1549-1601) of the Daitoku-ji school, Shun'oku Soen (1529-1611), and Daian-ji Monsai, and received the inka (certificate of approval) of Shun'oku's disciple Itto Shoteki (1539-1612), becoming the 153rd abbot of Daitoku-ji at the age of 37. After that, while declining invitations from various people, he devoted himself to Shotai Choyo (training after enlightenment), and also restored Nanshu-ji Temple, which had been burned down during the war, and Sokyo-ji Temple, which had been in ruins. In 1629 (Kan'ei 6), he led the hardline faction at Daitoku-ji Temple and resisted the shogunate's religious administration, leading to his exile (the Shie Incident). Later, he was converted by the shogun Tokugawa Iemitsu and founded Tokai-ji Temple in Shinagawa. The influence of the Shie Incident can be seen in his decision to abandon training a successor, which was essential for a Zen monk. His work "Fudouchi Shinmyoroku," which he gave to Yagyu Tajima-no-kami, is famous for illustrating the idea of ​​Kenzen Ichinyo (the unity of sword and Zen).

Takuan is also known as takuan pickles, but it is said that he gave it the name after presenting to Iemitsu what were called Senbonzuke, Hyakubonzuke, and Takuwaezuke in his hometown.

[Makoto Funaoka September 19, 2017]

"The Complete Works of Reverend Takuan, compiled by the Publishing Association for the Complete Works of Reverend Takuan, 6 volumes (1928, Kogeisha / Reproduction, 2001, Japan Library Center)" ▽ "'Takuan' by Nagata Toyoshu (included in 'Zen Lectures, Volume 4', 1967 / New Edition, 1974, Chikuma Shobo)" ▽ "'Takuan: 88 Heartwarming Stories' by Ushigome Kakushin (2003, Kokusho Kankokai)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

江戸初期の臨済(りんざい)宗の僧。諱(いみな)は宗彭(そうほう)。父は但馬(たじま)（兵庫県）出石(いずし)城主山名宗詮(やまなそうせん)（祐豊(すけとよ)。1511―1580）の家臣の秋庭綱典(あきばつなのり)。10歳で出石の浄土宗唱念(しょうねん)寺に入り、その後、東福寺派宗鏡(すきょう)寺塔頭(たっちゅう)勝福寺の希先(きせん)（？―1591）、大徳寺派の董甫宗仲(くんぽそうちゅう)（1549―1601）、春屋宗園(しゅんおくそうえん)（1529―1611）、大安寺文西(だいあんじもんさい)に従い修行を重ね、春屋の法弟一凍紹滴(いっとうしょうてき)（1539―1612）の印可を受け、37歳で大徳寺153世の住持となった。その後、諸氏の招きを辞退しつつ聖胎長養(しょうたいちょうよう)（悟後の修行）に努め、また戦禍に焼けた南宗(なんしゅう)寺や荒廃した宗鏡寺を再興。1629年（寛永6）大徳寺の強行派を率い幕府の宗教行政に抵抗し流罪となる（紫衣(しえ)事件）。のち将軍徳川家光の帰依(きえ)を受け品川に東海寺を創建。彼が禅僧として必須(ひっす)の後継者育成を断念したことに紫衣事件の影響がうかがえる。柳生(やぎゅう)但馬守(かみ)に書き与えた『不動智神妙録(ふどうちしんみょうろく)』は剣禅一如(けんぜんいちにょ)の思想を示すものとして著名。

　また沢庵の名は沢庵漬けとしても知られているが、彼の郷里で千本漬け、百本漬け、貯(たくわ)え漬けといわれたものを家光に供し、家光によって名づけられたとも伝える。

［船岡　誠　2017年9月19日］

『沢庵和尚全集刊行会編『沢庵和尚全集』全6巻（1928・巧芸社／複製・2001・日本図書センター）』▽『永田豊州著『沢庵』（『講座禅　第4巻』所収・1967／新装版・1974・筑摩書房）』▽『牛込覚心編著『沢庵和尚　心にしみる88話』（2003・国書刊行会）』

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