A measure of the amount of radiant energy from the sun. It is expressed as the amount of radiant energy incident on a surface placed perpendicular to the sun's rays at the average distance between the sun and the earth (14960 km). It is 1.37 kilowatts per square meter. The radiant energy on the ground is about half the solar constant due to absorption by the earth's atmosphere, and is about 700 watts per square meter. It fluctuates with the sun's 11-year cycle of activity, and at the peak of activity it is about 0.14% larger. There are two theories about why this phenomenon is caused: one is the white spots that appear in large numbers during solar activity, and the other is that it is due to the influence of the sun's dynamo action. [Hiei Eijiro] [Reference] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
太陽の放射エネルギーの目安となる量。太陽と地球との平均距離(1億4960キロメートル)の位置で、太陽光線に垂直に置いた面に入射する放射エネルギー量であらわす。1平方メートル当り1.37キロワットである。地上での放射エネルギーは、地球大気の吸収などのために太陽定数の約半分であり、1平方メートル当り約700ワットとなる。太陽の11年の周期活動に伴って変動し、活動の極大期には、約0.14%だけ大きくなる。この現象は太陽活動期に数多く現われる白斑(はくはん)が原因という説と、太陽のダイナモ作用の影響によるという説がある。 [日江井榮二郎] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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