Born: May 17, 1873, Asnieres, Seine [Died] August 30, 1935, Moscow. French novelist. While studying at the University of Paris, he won a poetry contest sponsored by the newspaper Eco de Paris in 1892, and started out as a poet of melancholy with his collection of poems Les Pleureuses (1895). He then turned to novels, and attracted attention with L'Enfer (1908), a vivid naturalistic depiction of various incidents witnessed through a hole in a hotel wall. He participated in World War I, wrote Le Feu (16, Prix Goncourt), a masterpiece of war literature, and turned to socialist pacifism. He also published the novel Clarté (19), which defended the position of the proletariat, founded a magazine of the same name, established his position as a communist writer, and worked hard to organize an international anti-fascist writers' conference (35). Other titles include Les Enchaînements (25), Jésus (27), Élévation (30), and Staline (35). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
[生]1873.5.17. セーヌ,アニエール [没]1935.8.30. モスクワ フランスの小説家。パリ大学在学中の 1892年『エコ・ド・パリ』紙主催の作詩コンクールで入賞,詩集『嘆きの女たち』 Les Pleureuses (1895) によって憂愁の詩人として出発したが,小説に転じ,ホテルの壁穴から目撃されるさまざまな事件を自然主義的手法によって赤裸々に描き出した『地獄』L'Enfer (1908) によって注目を浴びた。第1次世界大戦に参加,戦争文学の傑作『砲火』 Le Feu (16,ゴンクール賞) を著わし,社会主義的平和主義に向った。さらに,無産階級の立場を擁護した小説『クラルテ』 Clarté (19) を出版,同名の雑誌を創刊し,コミュニスト作家としての地位を確立,反ファシズムの国際作家会議の開催 (35) などに尽力した。ほかに『連鎖』 Les Enchaînements (25) ,『イエス』 Jésus (27) ,『上昇』 Élévation (30) ,『スターリン』 Staline (35) など。 出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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