Thorpe, Jim

Japanese: ソープ（英語表記）Thorpe， Jim

Born May 28, 1888, near Prague, Indian Territory (now Oklahoma)
[Died] March 28, 1953. Lomita, California. One of the best all-around athletes in the United States. His real name was James Francis Thorpe. He was of American Indian descent and studied at Haskell Indian School in Lawrence, Kansas, and Carlisle Indian Industrial School in Pennsylvania. He played for Carlisle's football team under coach Pop Warner. He was selected as a halfback for the All-American team in 1911 and 1912. In 1912, he participated in the decathlon and pentathlon at the Stockholm Olympic Games, winning the championships. However, he was found to have played semi-professional baseball games in 1909 and 1910, and was stripped of his gold medal the following year in 1913. From 1913 to 1919, he played for the New York Giants, Cincinnati Reds, and Boston Braves in major league baseball. From 1919 to 1926, he was one of the early stars of professional American football. He served as the first president of the American Professional Football Association (APFA), the predecessor of the NFL, from 1920 to 1921. In his later years, he was praised as one of the greatest athletes of all time, but he was forced to live in poverty due to his alcoholism and inability to adapt to jobs outside of sports. In 1982, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) recognized Thorpe's amateur status and restored his honor, and the following year, in 1983, his medals were returned to his family.

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Thorpe, Ian

Born October 13, 1982. Australian swimmer from Sydney. He started swimming at age 8, and at age 13, he broke 10 Australian age records in a single tournament. In 1997, at age 14 years and 5 months, he became the youngest swimmer ever to join the Australian national team. At the 1998 World Championships, he set a world record in the 400m freestyle at age 15. With his 2m height and enormous feet, Thorpe became known by the nickname "Thorpede", a play on the word "torpedo". At the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games, he won gold medals in the 400m freestyle, 400m freestyle relay, and 800m freestyle relay, as well as silver medals in the 200m freestyle and 400m medley relay, drawing worldwide attention. She continued to hold the title of freestyle champion, winning gold medals in the 200m and 400m freestyle, a silver medal in the 800m freestyle relay, and a bronze medal in the 100m freestyle at the 2004 Athens Olympic Games. She also won 11 World Championship titles between 1998 and 2003. In November 2006, she shocked the swimming world by suddenly announcing her retirement at the age of 24. In February 2011, she announced that she would return to international swimming competitions in preparation for the 2012 London Olympic Games, but was eliminated in the qualifying rounds and was not selected for the national team.

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Thorpe (Thorp), Thomas Bangs

Born March 1, 1815 in Westfield, Massachusetts.
[died] September 20, 1878, New York. American humorist and painter. He lived in Louisiana for a long time and built the foundations of American humorous novels on the frontier with his famous tall tale The Big Bear of Arkansas (1841) and other short stories, including the collection The Mysteries of the Backwoods (46).

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Thorpe, Jeremy

Born April 29, 1929 in Manchester, England. British politician. Graduated from Oxford University. After working as a lawyer, he became a Liberal Party member of the House of Representatives in 1959. In the same year, he became deputy chairman of the South African Organisation Against Racism. In January 1967, he became leader of the Liberal Party after J. Grimond resigned, but in May 1976, his homosexuality was revealed, and he handed the party leadership back to Grimond.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1888.5.28. インディアン特別保護区(現オクラホマ)，プラーグ付近
[没]1953.3.28. カリフォルニア，ロミタ
アメリカ合衆国屈指の万能型スポーツ選手。本名 James Francis Thorpe。アメリカインディアンの血をひき，カンザス州ロレンスのハスケル・インディアン学校とペンシルバニア州のカーライル・インディアン実業学校に学ぶ。コーチのポップ・ワーナーのもと，カーライル校のアメリカンフットボールチームでプレーしていた 1911年と 1912年，全米チームのハーフバックに選ばれた。 1912年にはストックホルム・オリンピック競技大会の十種競技と五種競技に出場し優勝。しかし 1909年と 1910年にセミプロとして野球の試合に出ていたことが発覚し，翌 1913年金メダルを剥奪された。 1913～19年まで大リーグのニューヨーク・ジャイアンツ，シンシナティ・レッズ，ボストン・ブレーブズに所属。 1919～26年にはプロのアメリカンフットボール初期のスター選手の座を獲得した。 1920～21年NFLの前身であるアメリカン・プロフェッショナル・フットボール連合 APFAの初代会長を務めた。晩年は史上最も偉大なアスリートの一人と称賛されながらも，アルコール依存症やスポーツ以外の職業への不適応から貧困生活を余儀なくされた。 1982年国際オリンピック委員会 IOCがソープのアマチュアとしての地位を認めて名誉を回復し，翌 1983年家族にメダルが返還された。

ソープ
Thorpe, Ian

[生]1982.10.13. シドニー
オーストラリアの競泳選手。8歳で競泳を始め，13歳のときに一大会でオーストラリアの年齢別記録を 10個更新し，1997年に史上最年少の 14歳5ヵ月でオーストラリア代表チーム入りを果たした。1998年の世界選手権大会では 15歳にして 400m自由形の世界記録を樹立。2mの長身とけたはずれに大きな足をもつソープは，トーピード（魚雷）をもじった「ソーピード」の愛称で知られるようになる。2000年シドニー・オリンピック競技大会では 400m自由形，400m自由形リレー，800m自由形リレーの 3種目で金メダル，200m自由形と 400mメドレーリレーで銀メダルを獲得して世界の注目を集めた。その後も自由形の王座を守り，2004年アテネ・オリンピック競技大会では自由形の 200mと 400mで金メダル，800m自由形リレーで銀メダル，100m自由形で銅メダルを獲得。また 1998年から 2003年までに世界選手権で 11のタイトルを勝ちとっている。2006年11月，24歳で突如として引退を表明して水泳界に衝撃を与えた。2011年2月，2012年のロンドン・オリンピック競技大会への準備として国際水泳競技に復帰すると発表したが，予選で敗退し代表入りはならなかった。

ソープ
Thorpe (Thorp)， Thomas Bangs

[生]1815.3.1. マサチューセッツ，ウェストフィールド
[没]1878.9.20. ニューヨーク
アメリカのユーモア作家，画家。ルイジアナ州に長く住み，有名なほら話『アーカンソーの大熊』 The Big Bear of Arkansas (1841) などで，アメリカのいわゆる辺境ユーモア小説の基礎を築いた。上記の作を含めた短編集『奥地の神秘』 The Mysteries of the Backwoods (46) などがある。