It is an almost spherical, slightly bluish tissue located in the insect's head between the brain and the corpus allata. It is connected to the brain by the lateral cardiac nerves I and II, and to the corpus allata by the corpus allata nerve. It is found in all insects except for the pterygota Mycoplasma order. It is called the lateral cardiac because it is located on both sides of the anterior end of the aorta (heart), but it can be united with the left and right (hemipteran), surround the corpus allata (dipteran mosquitoes), or unite with the corpus allata and the prothoracic gland to form a ring gland (dipteran flies). It stores and releases neurosecretory substances (prothoracicotropic hormone, versicon, eclosion hormone, etc.) from the nerve cells of the brain into the blood via the lateral cardiac nerve I, and has its own neurosecretory cells that secrete trehalol in the blood, hyperglycemic hormone that increases blood glucose concentration (cockroaches), and adipokinetic hormone that promotes the release of diglycerides from fat bodies into the blood (grasshoppers). Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
昆虫の頭部にあって,脳とアラタ体との間に位置するほぼ球形のやや青色を帯びた組織で,脳とは側心体神経IとII,アラタ体とはアラタ体神経で連絡している。無翅(むし)類の粘管目以外はすべての昆虫でみられる。大動脈の前端部(心臓)の両側にあるので側心体とよばれるが,左右合一したり(半翅目),アラタ体をとり囲んだり(双翅目カ),アラタ体と前胸腺と合一して環状腺を形成(双翅目ハエ)したりする。側心体神経Iを通じ脳の神経細胞群からの神経分泌物質(前胸腺刺激ホルモン,バーシコン,羽化ホルモンなど)を貯え血中に放出するほか,自身の神経分泌細胞があり,血中トレハロール,血中グルコース濃度の上昇作用のある血糖上昇ホルモン(ゴキブリ)や,脂肪体から血中へのジグリセリドの放出を促す脂質動員ホルモン(バッタ)などを分泌する。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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