Kanade - Yes

Japanese: 奏 - そう
Kanade - Yes

A petition to the Emperor, and the document to which it is submitted. According to the provisions of the official ordinances (Kushikiryo), there are three styles of petitions to the Daijokan: Ronso-shiki, Soji-shiki, and Binso-shiki. Ronso-shiki is a written style used by the Daijokan when submitting important matters such as major rituals, increases or decreases in the number of officials, punishments of exile or greater, expulsion, and the abolition or establishment of provinces and counties. Soji-shiki is for matters other than Ronso, and Binso-shiki is for minor matters. If the Emperor approves of Ronso-shiki, it is written in decree with the words "listen." The original text of the petition no longer exists, but it is quoted in the "Rikkokushi" and "Ruiju Sandai-kaku." In addition, the format of the danshiki, which is used when the Danjodai reports the impeachment of an official, and the hiekushiki, which is used when emergency reports of a crisis are sent from various provinces, are prescribed. There are also secret reports that are sent in a sealed envelope, and the Tenmon secret report of the Onmyoryo is famous.

[Momose Kesao]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

天皇に上申すること、またその上申文書。公式令(くしきりょう)の規定によると、太政官(だいじょうかん)の奏には、論奏式(ろんそうしき)、奏事式(そうじしき)、便奏式(びんそうしき)の3様式がある。論奏式は太政官が大祭祀(さいし)、官員増減、流罪以上の処断・除名、国郡の廃置など重要事項を奏上するとき用いる文書様式で、奏事式は論奏以外の事柄について、また便奏式は小事の奏上の様式であった。論奏式には、天皇が裁可した場合、「聞(ぶん)」と勅書される。奏の正文は現存しないが、「六国史(りっこくし)」や『類聚三代格(るいじゅうさんだいきゃく)』に奏が引用されている。このほか弾正台(だんじょうだい)が役人の弾劾を奏上するときの奏弾式、諸国から変事を急報するときの飛駅式(ひえくしき)の様式が規定されている。また奏には、密封して奏上する密奏があり、陰陽寮(おんみょうりょう)の天文(てんもん)密奏が名高い。

[百瀬今朝雄]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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