Grand Duchy of Achaia - Achaia
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The state was founded by two Champagne feudal nobles, William de Champlitt and Geoffrey de Billarduin, who participated in the Fourth Crusade and conquered the Greek local nobles of the Peloponnese, then called the Morea (1205-1430). It was based on the Romanian Code of Law and was a typical reproduction of French feudalism. Its capital was Andorrabida. William II (1246-78) completed the territorial expansion wars of William I (1205-09), Geoffrey I (1209-29), and Geoffrey II (1229-46) with the capture of Monemvasia (1248). He was defeated in the Battle of Pelagonia by the Byzantine Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologus and taken prisoner (1259). He was released in exchange for the cession of the city, as well as Mistras, Maina, and Ierachion (1261). He then became a feudal vassal of Charles of Anjou in Sicily in order to recover his lost territories. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
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第4回十字軍に参加したシャンパーニュの2人の封建貴族，ギヨーム･ド･シャンプリットとジョフロア･ド･ビラルドゥアンが，当時モレアとよばれたペロポネソスのギリシア在地豪族を征服して建てた国家(1205‐1430)。国制上《ローマニア法典Assises de Romanie》を基礎とし，フランス封建制を典型的に再現した。首都はアンドラビダ。ギヨーム1世(在位1205‐09)，ジョフロア1世(在位1209‐29)，ジョフロア2世(在位1229‐46)の領土拡大戦争をギヨーム2世(在位1246‐78)はモネムバシア占領(1248)で完成するが，ビザンティン皇帝ミハエル8世パライオロゴスにペラゴニアの戦で敗れて捕虜となり(1259)，同市のほか，ミストラ，マイナ，イエラキオン移譲と引換えで身柄を釈放された(1261)のち，失地回復のためシチリアのシャルル･ダンジューの封建家臣となった。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について 情報 |
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