A type of fold, in which horizontal or gently sloping strata bend in a narrow area, creating a step. The strata become steeper in the bent area, with both sides nearly horizontal. This occurs when one of two land masses rises relative to the other, causing the upper covering layer of the mass to bend locally without being cut off. Bending often transitions into faults. Active fault surveys (trench surveys) have also revealed cases where fault movement occurs underground, resulting in bending near the surface. When the strata in the bent area are reversed, the underground fault is considered to be a reverse fault. When Quaternary strata are bent, it has the same meaning as an active fault. [Tanio Itoh and Akihiro Murata] [References] | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
褶曲(しゅうきょく)の一種で、水平もしくは傾斜の緩やかな地層が、段差をもつように狭い範囲で曲がる現象。地層が撓曲の部分のみ相対的に急傾斜となり、その両側がほとんど水平な状態になっている。二つの地塊の一つが他方に対して相対的に上昇するとき、地塊の上部の被覆層が切断されることなく局所的に曲がった場合に形成される。撓曲はしばしば断層に移化する。また、地下では断層運動がおこり、地表付近では撓曲になっている例も、活断層調査(トレンチ調査)で明らかにされている。撓曲部の地層が逆転している場合は、地下に存在する断層は逆断層であると考えられる。第四紀の地層が撓曲している場合は、活断層と同じ意味合いをもつ。 [伊藤谷生・村田明広] [参照項目] | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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