Senefelder, Aloys

Japanese: ゼネフェルダー（英語表記）Senefelder， Aloys

Born: November 6, 1771 in Prague
[died] February 26, 1834. Munich German playwright and inventor of lithography. Unable to pay for the printing of his scripts, he tried to engrave them himself, but his copperplate engravings were not very successful. In 1796, he accidentally discovered lithography when he wrote a laundry list on a piece of stone with an oil pencil. He first experimented with Bavarian limestone and metal plates, taking advantage of the fact that a relief could be obtained by etching the remaining part of the stone, and two years later he succeeded in lithography. In 1818 he wrote Vollständiges Lehrbuch der Steindruckerey (Complete Textbook on Lithography), describing his discoveries. Later, he moved to Offenbach with the help of music publisher JA André, and taught lithography to others.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1771.11.6. プラハ
[没]1834.2.26. ミュンヘン
ドイツの劇作家，石版術 (リトグラフィー) の発明者。脚本中の版画代が支払えなくて自分で彫刻しようとしたが，銅版画はそれほど成功しなかった。 1796年，洗濯物のリストを石片の上に油性の鉛筆で書きとめたことから偶然に石版術を発見。初めは石片の残部を食刻することで浮彫が得られることを利用して，バイエルン産の石灰岩や金属板で実験を重ねた結果，2年後に平版印刷術に成功，1818年『石版印刷術完全教本』 Vollständiges Lehrbuch der Steindruckereyを著わして，その発見を記述した。後年，音楽出版業者 J. A.アンドレの提供を受けてオフェンバハに居を移し，石版術を人々に伝授した。

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